Zaragoza then Montblanc, Spain

16 December, 2023

Once again we opt for toll-free roads to our next destination as it’s only 30 minutes’ difference to drive the 274 kms. We depart in 12 Deg. C. sunshine at 11:10am and call into a car wash 10 minutes later. We’re back on the road 20 minutes later and are due to arrive in Zaragoza around 14:40pm – 3 hours later.

G1-2130 – narrow road winding through the hills.

It isn’t until we arrive at the slip road just outside of San Sebastian to get onto the A15, the direct route to Zaragoza, that we see it is closed, with no alternative routing provided. So we continue driving down the N1 until the GPS finally kicks in with an alternative route – the GI-2130.

This road takes us from Tolosa through hillside villages such as Ibarra and Berrobi. With the amount of traffic coming the other way, including trucks and buses where we are sandwiched between them and road-side houses to squeeze past, that section of the A15 must still be closed. About half an hour later we rejoin the A15.

Bypassing Pamplona.

Opting to use toll-free roads actually lets us use some sections of toll roads, whereby we get off and get on them to avoid the toll booths. Often the roads we drive on parallel the AP/toll roads. The best of both worlds.

Endless windfarms in Spain.

The landscape between Pamploma and Zaragoza is quite dire with some sections devoted to large solar farms and wind turbines. Quite the blot on the landscape.

So it’s with a sigh of relief that we approach Zaragoza which rises out of the desolate plain like a concrete oasis and arrive at our hotel, the NH Collections Gran Hotel which is just outside of the old town/former Roman walled town.

Arriving at the Gran Hotel, Zaragoza.

I park the car in an underground car park nearby while Lynn checks us in then we unpack.

Christmas lights above Paseo de la Independencia, Zaragoza.

By the time we’ve caught our breath it’s starting to get dark so we walk a couple of blocks to the wide Paseo de la Independencia where there are Christmas lights strung across the boulevard, down to the Plaza de Espana and return.

17 December, 2023

Up bright and early as we need to be at Caesar Augustus’s statue at 10:00am, a 15-minute walk away near the Ebro River, to join a 2-hour walking tour of the old town.

View down Calle de Alfonso I towards the Basilica.

We are drawn by the view of the Basilica so we walk to Plaza de Nuestra Senora del Pilar (Plaza of Our Lady of the Pillar) where the Basilica reveals itself in its majestic entirety. And the Plaza is also the location of this year’s Christmas market!

Basilica de Nuestra Senora del Pilar.

Around the corner Caesar’s statue and partial Roman walls where we meet up with Edu and 5 other like-minded individuals.

The Caesar Augustus statue donated by Mussolini.

The Iberian town that preceded Roman colonisation was called Salduie/Salduba and was populated by a tribe of ancient Iberians, the Sedetani. The Romans and Greeks called the ancient city Caesaraugusta from which derived the Arabic name Saraqusṭa (used during the Al-Andalus period), the medieval Çaragoça, and the modern Zaragoza.

The Roman Wall remains with the leaning tower of the Church of St John of the Bread in the background.

Augustus founded the city as Caesaraugusta between 25 BC and 11 BC as a colony. As a Roman city, it had all the typical public buildings: forum, baths, theatre, and was an important economic centre. Many Roman ruins can still be seen in Zaragoza today.

Church of St Elizabeth of Portugal – secular church featuring Zaragoza’s coat of arms.

In the 5th century AD the town was captured peacefully by the Goths. During the 8th century the Iberian peninsula was conquered by the Moors.

Sculpture marking the location of a previous tall clock tower.

In 1018, with the collapse of the Caliphate of Córdoba, Zaragoza became an independent Taifa of Zaragoza, initially controlled by the Tujibid family. The taifa greatly prospered culturally and politically in the late 11th century but fell to the Almoravids in 1110. In December 1118, Alfonso I of Aragon conquered the city from the Almoravids and made it the capital of the Kingdom of Aragon.

Ruins of the Roman Amphitheater.

Bubonic plague decimated the town in 1564, reportedly killing one-third of its population (10,000 of 25-30,000).

16th century former stately home & palace.

During the 1701–1714 War of Spanish Succession Philip V became the victor and consolidated his rule over the kingdom of Aragon. In 1766 a food riot and subsequent repression left about 300 wounded, 200 detainees and 8 deaths, followed by 17 public executions, and an indeterminate number of killings at the dungeons of the Aljafería.

Zaragoza suffered two famous sieges during the Peninsular War against the Napoleonic army: a first from June to August 1808; and a second from December 1808 to February 1809, surrendering only after some 50,000 defenders had died. During the Spanish Civil War the city played a key role for the Francoist faction as ammunition manufacturer. Being on the ‘winning’ side, the city suffered little damage during that war.

The Basque nationalist organisation ETA carried out the Zaragoza barracks bombing in 1987 which killed 11 people, including a number of children, leading to 250,000 people taking part in demonstrations in the city.

By now we have made our way through the alleyways of the old town to the Plaza de la Seo (the See) near the river.

11th century partially preserved wall of previous mosque at side of the Cathedral.

The Catedral del Salvador is a Catholic church built over the main mosque (partially preserved in the 11th-century north wall of the Parroquieta), with Romanesque apses from the 12th century.

Cathedral entrance, Baroque tower & Museum of Tapestries.

Inside, there is the imposing hall church from the 15th to 16th centuries, and its Baroque tower. Next door, to the right, is its Museum of Tapestries.

Basilica entrance.

The Basilica del Pilar is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the title of Our Lady of the Pillar, praised as “Mother of the Hispanic Peoples” by Pope John Paul II. It is reputed to be the first church dedicated to Mary in history. Baroque-style architecture, the present building was mainly built between 1681 and 1872.

Virgin Mary Chapel, the actual Our Lady of the Pillar is in RHS niche.

The history of this basilica is attributed to an apparition of the Virgin to Saint James the Great, the apostle believed to have brought Christianity to Spain. This is the only reported apparition of Mary to have occurred before her believed Assumption.

The Christmas Market stalls.

In the plaza outside the Basilica are 2 sets of Christmas Market stalls selling a variety of handcrafts and jewellery but mostly fare such as nuts, crepes, churros, cheeses, meats, etc.

Toboggan slide at the Christmas Market.

At the cathedral end of the plaza a toboggan slide has been set up with kids dragging over-sized inner tubes to the top for a short bumpy ride to the bottom.

We exit the Christmas Market and walk towards the cathedral once again where we find an antiques market in progress.

Antiques market at the church.

Crossing the road we can see the Puente de Piedra (Stone Bridge), the oldest bridge in Zaragoza that crosses the Ebro. Its origins date back to the founding of Caesaraugusta. In the 1st century there is evidence of a bridge which gave access to one of the main entrance gates to the city.

Puente de Piedra with Arrabal District apartment blocks on far bank.

The bridge today is from the 15th century, built between 1401-1440. At the end of the 18th century, the Parapet of San Lázaro was built to protect the left bank from floods. In 1813, after the Siege of Zaragoza, Napoleonic troops blew up the archway closest to the Arrabal when they were fleeing, leaving the city cut off and preventing the Aragonese troops from pursuing them.

Basilica from the Puente de Piedra on bank of Ebro River.

Back to the Christmas Market we sample some churros and chocolate dip.

Time to sample some Spanish fare.

One thing we remember about Spain is its lottery, specifically kiosks or holes-in-the-wall where people queue to buy their tickets. Now, there are also mobile kiosks, this one playing Christmas music and the sound of a ringing bell associated with Santa Claus as it meanders around the market!

Mobile lottery ticket kiosk.

All the churches that Lynn has visited recently now feature Nativity Scenes, but not like Zaragoza’s. Here they’ve built a little hamlet in the middle of the Plaza del Pilar so that you can meander through a ‘Bethlehem’ to view the nativity. For a fee, of course!

Real-time, interactive Nativity Scene.

Cheek by jowl with the desert scene is an arctic one – the mandatory ice skating rink.

Even an ice skating rink.

Remembering the amazing Christmas lights in Nerja last year we venture out this evening to see what Zaragoza has to offer.

Angel at the Christmas Tree.

Besides the overhead banners along the length of Paseo de la Independencia, there is also a small Christmas tree at the edge of the Plaza de Pilar along with an illuminated merry-go-round …

Zaragoza lights.

… and a ZGZ illumination. Not a patch, really, on Nerja!

18 December, 2023

11:25am and it’s 0 Deg. C. in Paseo de la Independencia. Electric trams glide quietly up and down this street and it’s nice to see that there are no overhead lines to mar the street scape.

Plaza Espana with electric tram in background.

Opposite the trams, 2 horse power.

Non-electric crowd control.

Our destination this morning is the Aljaferia Palace, a 25-minute walk from the hotel. It was a recreational residence of the Muslim kings and reflects the splendor achieved by the Taifa kingdom at its highest political and cultural peak. It has been a fortified enclosure, Aragonese royal residence, headquarters and prison of the Inquisition, palace of the Catholic Monarchs, barracks and, since 1987, the brand new headquarters of the Cortes of Aragon.

Ten centuries later, that palace of joy dreamed of by the Muslim monarch Al-Muqtadir continues to be, along with the Alhambra of Granada and the Mosque of Córdoba, one of the artistic jewels of the Muslim presence in southern Europe. In 1931 the building was declared a National Monument of Historical and Artistic Interest but it wasn’t until 2001 when UNESCO declared the Mudejar art of Aragon a World Heritage Site.

At the reconstructed Aljaferia Palace with square Troubadour Tower.

The oldest building in the Aljafería is the so-called “Tower of the Troubadour”, a defensive tower, which received this name from the romantic drama by Antonio García Gutiérrez, The Troubadour, from 1836. This drama was turned into a libretto for Giuseppe Verdi’s opera Il trovatore, from 1853.

Porticoes.

On the ground floor the Islamic palace houses residential quarters in its central area based on a rectangular open air courtyard with a pool with porticoes and a series of arches with some rooms originally intended for ceremonial and private use.

On the higher floors there are various ceilings decorated plainly and elaborately. The most elaborate of these is the ceiling of the Throne Room, with a frieze in Gothic calligraphy that reads:

Throne Room ceiling.

“Ferdinand, king of Spain, Sicily, Corsica and the Balearic Islands, the best of princes, prudent, brave, pious, constant, just, happy, and Isabel, queen, superior to all women for her piety and greatness of spirit, distinguished husbands Very victorious with the help of Christ, after liberating Andalusia from the Moors, expelling the ancient and fierce enemy, they ordered the construction of this work in the year of Salvation 1492.”

The tour of the building ends back at the beginning, the Patio of Santa Isabel. This open and landscaped space unifies the entire Taifal palace. Its name comes from the birth in Aljafería of the Infanta Isabel of Aragón, who was queen of Portugal in 1282. Not bad for a euro each entry fee.

The Patio of Santa Isabel.

On our way back to the hotel we make a slight detour to the Plaza de Toros de Zaragoza. The Zaragoza Bullring, also known as “La Misericordia” (not The Misery, but The Mercy!) is the second oldest first-class bullfighting arena in Spain.​ The arena is 48 meters in diameter. It was the first bullring in Spain to have a cover. Of a Neomudejar style built in 1764, it has a capacity for 10,070 spectators.

Plaza de Toros de Zaragosa.

After a brief interval back at the hotel we venture out again at 3:00pm in order to have a late lunch – tapas. Now, I normally try to avoid tapas as, with the exception of exceptional tapas we had in Granada, everything else has been bland and mega expensive for what it is. But, in order to avoid an 8:30pm start to dinner, I’ll give it a go.

We venture down ‘El Tubo’, a labyrinth of alleyways in the old town which host a multitude of tavernas, restaurants, bars and tapas bars.

El Tubo area.

These alleyways were crowded on Sunday when we came through here on our way back to the hotel so we pick the quaint “Taverna El Triana” which we recalled was very busy, inside and out.

Today there is only one other couple in the joint. We select the daily suggestion which is “4 tapas a elegir + 2 vermuts caseros (4 tapas of our choice + 2 homemade vermouths) for the princely sum of Euro9.90. Done! In fact, they are so good that we order another round of 4 different tapas and 2 more vermouths and are out the door before 4:00pm.

Tapas and home-made vermouth.

Lynn now has 4 hours to ghostwrite this blog for the past 3 days before her half-hour reflexology massage at 8:00pm. Unfortunately, contrary to the photos on the brochure, it is to be held in our room, rather than in a wellness centre room, so it’s all a bit crowded when the masseuse arrives with a massage table and a small trolley of various unctions!

19 December, 2023

Another crisp, sunny day and while I choose to stay indoors to catch up and to finalise arrangements for our next destination, Lynn opts to visit the Catedral del Salvador.

Catedral del Salvador ceiling.

The main access to the Cathedral is on the western side, where a classicist baroque façade was built in the second half of the 18th century that replaced the Mudejar portal from the 14th century, which is located and visible behind the current façade.

Similar to the Cordoba Cathedral which was also built inside a former mosque, the interior is spacious with high, vaulted ceilings. Along the 4 walls are chapels dedicated to various saints. Each chapel has a distinct style, from simple to OTT baroque. Interestingly, some of these have Islamic floor and wall tiles then the upper walls and altar pieces in their own individual styles of the period or, in the case of one chapel, Islamic floor and Dutch wall tiles.

Boxed into the centre space is the choir with wooden paneling and seats, the outside of which are tiny chapels.

Chapel dedicated to St James.

Next door is the Chapterhouse Tapestry Museum which is accessed through the Cathedral. The museum is home to a major collection of tapestries belonging to the Cathedral Chapter, which experts consider to be the most important of its kind in the world.

Entrance to the 1st of 3 rooms housing 11 tapestries.

It comprises 63 Flemish tapestries and 6 pieces of heraldic embroidery. They are of very high quality, many dating from medieval times in the Gothic style, while others are Renaissance and Baroque. There are currently 11 of these tapestries on show to the public, as well as other items of precious metalwork, religious ornaments and reliquary busts.

15th century tapestries.

Ranging in size from small wall hangings to large room-sized pieces they are astonishing, especially given the century that they were made. The detail, compositions, proportions, the colours, the draping and richness of robes, facial expressions, the transparency of veils and opaqueness of water – all conveyed by just fine wool and silk.

Tonight we’ve booked a table at the hotel restaurant – for an 8.30pm start, of course! Talk about ‘waiting for evening’! As we’ve foregone housekeeping services we can reward ourselves with 3 free alcoholic beverages.

We find out that the hotel restaurant is the same place we tried to eat at on the first night. It is more a bar than a restaurant and the food is dreadful. We order a plate of chicken wings and a baked potato which turns out to be 6 tiny half wings and a tiny potato. They try to charge us Eu14 (A$24) for the chicken wings and Eu7 (A$ 12) for the tiny potato. After we complain they reduce the price to Eu14 for the food and an extra glass of wine. For Eu14 you can buy two KFC meals just around the corner. This will be reflected in the hotel review. Don’t you worry about that!

Tomorrow we drive 196 km to Montblanc, Catalonia which will take us about 2 hours. There we’ll be ensconced for 9 days over Christmas.

20 December, 2023

The hotel’s customer relations manager checks us out this morning but she makes the mistake of asking how our stay was at the hotel. After quite a long description of our experience with the hotel restaurant she may have regretted asking us. Overall, however, (other than the restaurant) the hotel was pretty good and probably the best breakfast so far for this European section of our trip.

The weather has cleared from a foggy morning to a bright clear day. However the wind is increasing so it feels quite chilly as we walk to the car park to collect the car.

Heading out of town we refuel the car and by now the wind is absolutely howling and whipping up a dust storm. We have a full tail wind on our drive to Montblanc and our fuel consumption is the best I have ever seen from the Insignia.

In fact, the arid landscape reminds us of a Spaghetti Western as a very large tumble weed bounces past as I’m filling the tank.

En route, a sight that reminds us of Hungary are the number of stork nests perched on electricity pylons. One actually has 5 nests on it over 3 levels – high-rise apartment living for storks.

High-rise apartment living for storks.

When we went to check the time taken via toll rods versus toll free, it was the same time. We discover that although there is an AP (toll) road there aren’t any tolls on the roads between Zaragoza and Montblanc.

Take your pick – both roads end up the same places.

50 minutes’ drive from Zaragoza we pass the marker for the ‘meridiano de Greenwich’.

Zero Degrees Longitude.

To mark the location the Spanish have spent unnecessary Euros on a non-functional marker bridge. Art for art sake, money for God’s sake.

What is the point of this? Art for Art sake?

The landscape here on the E90/AP2 is arid – no wonder the Spaniards felt at home when they occupied Mexico.

Dust storm in front.

At first it looks like a lorry has driven through a patch of dirt on the road but, as we progress, the dust cloud expands until it becomes a white out.

When we started out at 11:45am it was 13 Deg. C. Now at 1:00pm it has dropped to 4 Deg. C.

Dusty fog in the mountain deserts.

We come out the other side of the dust storm as we near the small, medieval, walled town of Montblanc (pronounced munt blank) in the Catalonia region in the province of Tarragona, Spain. Population of 7,027 – now 7,029 for the next 9 days.

Nearly at Montblanc.

The small, 3-storied traditional apartment block we’re staying in is on a street outside of, and parallel to, the town wall. The Portal de Sant Antoni, across the road from our apartment, is at the northern end of Carrer Major, the main street through the old town.

Town sign across the road.

3 locks later we are in the 2nd floor, renovated 4-bedroom apartment which we’ll be calling home over Christmas.

Spacious apartment with view of the stone medieval town wall.

First task is to put on a load of washing while we drive the short distance to the local Mercadona supermarket for supplies for 3 days, then we’ll do another shop on Saturday for Christmas Day which is on Monday.

That done we unpack and Lynn makes sure she hangs our travelling Christmas decorations – knitted Christmas booties that Susie and Paul gave to us when they joined us in Rome just after Christmas in 2014.

Christmas stockings hung above the TV.

These booties have gone with us every trip since and also take pride of place at Christmas when we are home in Brisbane.

21 December, 2023

Today we’ll wander around the lanes and old streets within the town walls, one of the best preserved medieval centres in Catalonia, to view the 13th and 14th century buildings and Romanesque and Gothic monuments. It promises to be sunny with a max. of 14 Deg. C. but a biting wind makes us rug up.

Clear morning looking west from our balcony & overlooking Portal de Sant Antoni.

The area around Montblanc has been inhabited for thousands of years, since Palaeolithic times.

Casa Desclergue.

Iberian villages existed on Santa Bàrbara hill from the 4th to the 1st century BC which co-existed with the early Roman settlers (2nd century BC-2nd century AD).

The Town Hall on Placa Major.

After the Moors’ invasion in 711 AD, much of the area became dominated by a patchwork of Islamic fiefdoms.

Official measurements – 1752.

The Islamic invasion initiated a long period of very successful agricultural and commercial development. This was responsible for the birth of many towns and villages in the region which still retain their Islamic names.

Fuente Mayor – major water source.

The 10th and 11th centuries seem to have been a period of relatively peaceful co-existence in which Muslims, Christians and Jews lived in the region of Montblanc.

Xmas decorations in Placa Major.

This productive period continued until an allegiance of forces, strongly supported by the Roman Catholic Church, initiated an era of expulsions, which forced Muslims and Jews to leave the Iberian peninsula.

The city was noted as an important trading centre during the middle ages and reached its highest point with the creation of the Duchy of Montblanc in 1387. This success is reflected in the wealth of monuments in the town.

In the 14th century, Montblanc enjoyed its time in the sun: it was the seventh largest city in Catalonia thanks to its political and economic weight. Proof of this was the holding of the Corts Generals the Spanish parliament

The medieval area also has a large number of Gothic civil constructions, such as the Royal Palace (14th century), the Castlà Palace (15th century), the Alenyà House (Gothic), the Desclegue House (16th century), and the Josa House (medieval).

Spanish building decoration.

Significant churches in Montblanc include the Gothic church of Santa Maria with its ornate facade, the Archpriest Church of Santa María la Major (Gothic, 14th-16th centuries), with a Baroque front (17th century); the Sant Miquel Church, with a Romanesque façade (13th century) and Gothic body (14th century); and the Sant Marçal Church, also Gothic (14th century).

Santa Maria la Major.

This church is situated in the highest part of Montblanc, at the same place where the ancient Romanesque church stood. Because of the increase in population it was decided to build a new one in the 14th century. The work was made in sections and due to the black death it had to be left unfinished. The large Gothic façade was destroyed during the Reapers’ War. The one in place now is in a Baroque style (17th century).

Santa Maria la Major interior.

Given the Gothic exterior, the interior is surprisingly lofty and simple with a small number of chapels and colourful stained glass windows and an unusual Baroque organ.

The remains of the original Castle.

Behind the Santa Maria Church is the Santa Barbara hill. The town was placed around this hillock in the 12th century, when the king Alfonso I (in 1163) ordered Pere Berenguer de Vilafranca to move the town here.

View North of Montblanc from the ruins.

The name of Montblanc has its origin in the lack of vegetation that this hill had. A castle, next to a small church, and a rudimentary city wall triangular in shape were built.

View NW from the ruins.

From here we exit the old town and walk around the outside walls down to Portal de Sant Antoni.

Heading back to the town walls.

Here we enter and walk around the inside of the walls to Portal de Bove.

View of Carrer Major from Portal de Sant Antoni.

Nearby is one of numerous water fountains that are dotted throughout the old town.

We continue around the inside of the walls trying to find the entrance where we can scale the walls. We don’t find one that is unlocked and instead come to the Portal de Sant Jordi.

1 of 10 marked water fountains around the old town which warrant their own photographic essay.

Now, you’ve heard the story about St George slaying the dragon, but it never says exactly where this happened. Well, apparently he did that deed right here in front of this Portal. There is a plaque marking the site of his legendary victory and Montblanc has a festival every April filled with dragons and fire to celebrate the victory of St George. I don’t understand why they celebrate the extinction of the dragons’ species.

Portal de Sant Jordi & plaque.

Cutting back into town we arrive at Palacio Real. During the 13th and 14th centuries, the main buildings and palaces of the town were built. One of them was the Palau Reial (Royal Palace) which at the end of the medieval period passed to the Llordat family.

Palacio Real.

Walking back down Carrer Major we come across a number of beautifully decorated shops including jewellery, clothing, bakery and patisserie shops.

This patisserie is called Rafael Andreu which features a wooden exterior decoration, the beautiful presentation of its windows during this festive season and, especially, its stellar products on offer.

Rafael Andreu patisserie – festive fare in the window.

Heading to our Portal de Sant Antoni, the medieval heart of town is on display with its stone arches.

Carrer de la Plebania partly preserves its original appearance, with two pointed arches that join the facades. This street, located within what was the first core of the town, is named after the building built next to the apse of Sta. Maria between 1549 and 1552. The arches were originally used to support a construction that joined the now separate buildings.

Carrer de la Plebania.

Outside of the town’s medieval walls there are an old stone bridge of Roman origin (Puente Viejo), the Gothic buildings of the Sant Francesc Church (13th century) and the Santa Magdalena Hospital (14th-16th centuries) – for another day.

22 December, 2023

Would you believe a top of 17 Deg. C. today with sunshine and a slight wind. First up we have a Skype call with Patrick and Margaret (Donaghadee, Northern Ireland) then we take 10 minutes to walk to the Mercadona for supplies in case it is busy tomorrow with its 3:00pm closure. It definitely feels warmer – no hats or gloves needed today.

Plus we call into the bakery on Carrer Major to see whether they bake special biscuits, cakes or breads for Christmas, like the Sardinians do for Easter. It seems that the Italian specialty, panettone, is Spain’s No. 1 seller for Navidad.

Fresh cakes and bread at the Bakery.

23 December, 2023

Another sunny day so after breakfast we visit the bakery for a coffee then walk out of town to see the Puente Viejo, the old stone bridge and adjacent Santa Magdalena Hospital.

Back to the bakery for coffee.

It’s a good thing that the bakery makes good pastries because their coffee is blah. Still, it’s a beautiful day out this morning and the wind has eased slightly. 10 Deg. C. seems quite warm so we must be acclimatising.

Carrer Major through the portal down to the bridge.

It’s only a short walk back to the portal then down a narrow, cobbled lane to the old stone bridge over the Francoli River.

Crossing the Puente Viejo.

It is more like a small creek than a river but I guess it was much larger when this town was built or when it floods. Though it has a Roman origin, what we see today is from the 12th century.

Puente Viejo.

On the town side of the bridge is the Old Hospital of Santa Magdalena, a Gothic structure built in the 15th and 16th centuries in the municipality of Montblanc (Conca de Barberà). There is also an earlier church from the 14th century.

Old Hospital of Santa Magdalena, cloister visible through the door & church.

It is structured around a central cloister, in the lower part of which there is a cistern and the original pavement.

Santa Magdalena Hospital cloister.

Also outside the town walls, to the west of the bridge and on top of La Serra hill, is the Santuario de la Sierra, a church and former convent of Poor Clare sisters. In the 15th century, it was the second sanctuary with the most pilgrims in Catalonia, after the monastery of Montserrat. The Poor Clares convent was the sixth oldest in Catalonia. The Virgin of the Sierra is venerated inside.

Santuario de la Sierra.

The temple that can currently be seen is in the Gothic style, very simple, with side chapels such as those of Santa Lucía or Santa Clara. Next to the main altar is the Green Cross from the 12th century. Romanesque, made of green jasper, with a small image of the Virgin Mary embedded in the central part. Next to it there is a chapel, a link between the church and the convent of the Poor Clare sisters, guardians of the image of the Virgin.

Santuario de la Sierra, – main altar.

To the side of the church is a view of the surrounding hills and an unexpected sight – a metal windmill – usually an iconic symbol associated with rural Australia.

The original wind turbine.

Cutting back into town, its numerous alleyways are only a car-width wide. Or more accurately the width of a horse drawn cart.

Narrow alleyways.

Located near the apse of the church of Santa Maria, the Casal dels Josa belonged to the Vilafranca family. It is believed that at first it should have been part of the royal desks, an adjoining building that would have occupied part of the old moat. When it passed into the hands of the Josa family in the 18th century, it underwent many modifications. It is currently home to the Regional Museum of the Conca de Barberà.

Casal dels Josa.

Several blocks away, off the Carrer Major, is Sant Miquel Church, the Palacio del Castla and the town’s Christmas tree.

The Church has a Romanesque façade with a Gothic-style interior. It was built during a period in which the town was growing and when the Romanesque church of Santa Maria was too small to take in all the Montblanc inhabitants. It was seat of the General Court of Catalonia in 1307 and 1370, and also during the interregnum period gathered the Parliament of Catalonia. During the 19th century the church suffered several lootings which decimated its structure and lead to the loss of the altarpieces that it had. In the course of the Spanish Civil War it was used as a store.

The Palacio del Castla was built during the 15th century. This large building has rounded corners for defensive reasons, with a porticoed interior patio, a garden and an orchard that reached the wall where a private portal was opened. Built after the Catalan Civil War, it was the headquarters of the castlà or castilian, military representative of the King. During the Carlist wars, the lower part of the building was converted into a prison, which left the structure of the building badly damaged.

Found it! The town’s elusive Christmas tree.

Walking along the Carrer Major to its other, southern, exit brings us to the Iglesia de Sant Francesc. It was built outside the town walls in the ??th century and it had the church, the cloister and the Franciscan monks section. It was a cultural centre of a great importance where philosophy lessons were taught and where important people were lodged.

During the 19th century with secularisation the building lost its importance and was totally abandoned. It was at this time that the cloister and the other sections were demolished. It only remained the church which, after suffering several lootings, it lost its religious character and became, among other things, a wine and liquor factory.

Iglesia de Sant Francasc & water fountain.

Inside, the church has only one nave with a crossing arch and six radial pointed arches. There is also a Baroque chapel from the 18th century attached to it. In the 20th century the building was renovated and converted into a cultural centre.

Iglesia de Sant Francesc interior.

Half way back to the apartment we call into the Calle (Carrer) dels Jueus. Formerly the call (Jewish quarter) had three access portals, a synagogue, a cemetery located outside the walls and different businesses. Currently there is only one street that reminds us of the name where a small medieval arch is preserved.

The Call was made up of about 60 families who made their lives within the Jewish quarter and were self-sufficient. The Jews of Montblanc depended on the collection from Barcelona and dressed in their own clothing. The kings granted numerous privileges in exchange for contributions to the royal coffers, due to their commercial activity. Throughout the three centuries of its existence, the Jewish quarter suffered various looting by Montblanquins who, like all of Catalonia, did not accept the Jews, not expressly for religious reasons but for material reasons. At the end of the 15th century, and as a consequence of the inquisitorial processes, the Jews fled, a large part of them going to Menorca.

Calle (Carrer) dels Jueus.

Around the corner from the apartment, outside the town walls, is the Agrobotiga located in the former Cellar of the Cooperativa de Viticultors de Montblanc, the Sindicat de Vinyaters, founded in 1918 and dissolved in 2012. The Cellar was built in 1919 and is the work of the modernist architect Cèsar Martinell.

Inside the agrobotiga is a variety of products from the region, such as all the wines from the different cellars of the Conca de Barberà Denomination of Origin and other products from different Cooperatives in the Catalan territory.

Agrobotiga.

Tonight we are booked for dinner at the El Moli del Mallol restaurant at the end of our street. The afternoon we arrived in town their car park was packed. Their website said they were open Christmas Day for lunch but when we make inquiries it turns out the restaurant will be closed – of course! So, we’ll give it a whirl tonight instead at the usual earliest booking time of 8:30pm.

We are the first guests to arrive promptly at 8.30pm and, as it turns out, the only guests by the time we leave at 9:30pm. How unusual! Unexpectedly, while we wait for our orders we are offered a chilled glass of vermouth blanco each – which is on the sweet side – along with some delicious olives.

My “roast lamb” turns out to be grilled lamb cutlets (bonus!) with roasted vegetables. Lynn’s “pork meat and vegetable stew” turns out to be a small casserole dish of hot water with some noodles, half a piece of carrot ring, a tip of a small potato, some onion, a small piece of shredded pork and lots of slices of blood sausage floating in it. So much for the veg part of the stew!

After dinner, Lynn decides to walk into town to check out the Christmas lights. Unfortunately our cameras don’t do justice to the colour of the lights that are strung across the Carrer Major which look like pieces of red, green, gold and silver-coloured jewellery.

Christmas lights in Placa Major.

But she is able to capture the lights in Placa Major and the Christmas tree.

Illuminated Christmas tree.

24 December, 2023

Speaking of that photographic essay of the town’s individual water fountains – that is today’s plan to capture them all. Armed with a town map we head out the door and tour the town in an anti-clockwise direction. The number of fountains dotted around the town, in particular inside the town walls, shows just how important these were/are to the townsfolk in sieges and peacetime.

No. 1 is the Fuente del Arrabal which is outside the wall and which we can see from our apartment. We’ve tried to recreate the old photo that is in our apartment with the fountain as it is today.

Fuente del Arrabal then and now.

No. 2 is also outside the walls on the Passeig de l’Arquebisbe Joan Marti Alanis which leads to the Santuario de la Sierra.

Fountain near Santuario de la Sierra.

No. 3 is just inside the walls near Pla de Baix – but this one isn’t marked on the town map.

‘Modern’, & graffitied, fountain near Pla de Baix.

No. 4 is a more ancient-looking one (14th century?) in front of the Church-Hospital of Sant Marcal, complete with horse trough.

Fountain in front of the 14th century Church-Hospital of Sant Marcal.

No. 5 is the Fuente Mayor which featured in the blog for 21 December.

Fuente Mayor – major water source.

No. 6 is outside the Rosa dels Vents restaurant on the corner of Carrer Sant Isidre and Carrer Poblet i Teixido.

Fountain outside the Rosa dels Vents restaurant.

No. 7 is in front of the Sant Francesc Church which is featured in yesterday’s blog.

Iglesia de Sant Francasc & water fountain.

No. 8 is called ‘Als Jueus’ on the corner of Carrer Trinquet and Carrer de les Corts adjacent to La Violetta restaurant.

Als Jueus fountain.

We are about to move onto the next fountain when we hear some Christmas jazz playing. Lynn suggests we sit in the sun with a glass of dry vermouth each in the restaurant’s courtyard. So we do.

La Voiletta restaurant courtyard.

The other couple sitting in the sun turn out to be the restaurant’s owners so we strike up a conversation with them. They are so friendly that we book a table for pizza for Wednesday evening.

Vermouth is now our go-to alcoholic beverage!

No. 9 is around the corner. It’s the Font de la Fruita featured in the blog on 21 December which kicked off this photographic essay.

Font de la Fruita.

No. 10 is also nearby in Placa Santa Tecla.

Fountain in Placa Santa Tecla.

Finally, No. 11 is on Carrer del Joc de la Pilota.

Fountain on Carrer del Joc de la Pilota.

This brings us out at the tower past our own tower so it’s just a short walk home.

25 December, 2023

Feliz Navidad! Today is due to be cloudy and 14 Deg. C.

Unlike our Ozzie Christmas lunches of Prosecco, chilled seafood and Christmas pud, today it’s Cava, roast chicken and panettone for Christmas pud – followed later by a Silent Night. Perfect!

Spanish version of Christmas pud.

26 December, 2023

A day of doing very little. We take a post-breakfast walk around town and as expected almost everything is closed today. However, there are a number of tourists also walking the streets of the old town. Tourists and no shops open? How very non-commercial of the Spanish.

We do, however, complete the first draft of the last stage of our travels which includes Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania which is very tentative and subject to what happens in Russia over the next couple of months. I also investigate various travel options for our return to Oz.

27 December, 2023

Yet another sunny day in Montblanc. But not so sunny in the shower this morning – bloody freezing water! What is it with the Spanish and domestic hot water systems!?! Thankfully, after quite a few WhatsApp messages with the owner, the system is back up and running.

Today we are booking accommodation for our next sojourn into Europe after travelling through Wales.

Tonight, after Lynn has her hair cut, we are off to La Violetta for Spanish pizza – which turns out to be surprisingly good.

28 December, 2023

After a frustrating day yesterday doing accommodation bookings for our next European drive in April and May we soldiered on to do more today. It seems that more and more accommodation places are coming on the market with owners that have less and less knowledge and experience in both knowing what to offer guests and what to show in their online presentations. Most don’t have a F***king clue. They just get in the way of the process so it takes us longer to sort out the mess and make the bookings. I can see that previous AirBnB owners are moving to Booking.com but have learnt nothing. There is officially a lot of rubbish accommodation out there and price is not an indicator.

Tonight we are eating in to clean up what’s left in the fridge after 9 days here in Montblanc. It has been a restful stay and although the medieval town is no Spello it certainly has some friendly locals, good food and good cheap wines.

Tomorrow we will be up a little earlier than our usual sleep ins to be on the road by 10:00 am so that we can drive the 5.5 hours to Carcassonne via Andorra. Originally we were going to bypass Andorra as we expected the ski country to be under snow by this time of year but the average day time temperatures have been mid-teens with 5 to 8 Deg C minima at night. Thank you global warming!

Southern France to Northern Spain

4 December, 2023

Today will be one of our longer drives – about 400km from Quimper to Rochefort. We leave about 9:45 am for the 4.5 hour drive. It’s 10 Deg. C and raining.

About half way we bypass Nantes and cross the Loire River. It is bordered on both sides by a large industrial area.

As we get closer to our destination the sun breaks through and it’s now 14 Deg. C. Outside of Rochefort the land flattens – this is canal and marshland country and sections of fields are flooded.

Marshland outside Rochefort.

Rochefort is built on the Charente estuary, a “new town” created in 1666 at the initiative of Minister Colbert to establish a construction site for the navy with a maritime and military arsenal which will become the main one in the kingdom. The site offered, in addition to being a committed royal domain which could be taken back, the advantage of being set back from the coast and English attacks, easily supplied with foodstuffs and materials by navigation on the Charente River with the river port of Tonnay.

Entering Rochefort.

In the 18th century, the French monarchy organized the supply of the Atlantic colonies (Antilles, Guyana, Canada, African trading posts) and the Indian Ocean (Mauritius and Reunion) from Rochefort. During this century it was also the departure point for 27 slave trade expeditions.

Since the departure in 1927 of the National Navy, Rochefort has retained several military and industrial activities relating to armaments, and has become a seaside and tourist town, the 7th spa town in France with 15,000 spa guests per year. From this prestigious past, Rochefort inherits an urban heritage which has earned it the status of city of art and history.

We arrive around 2:30 pm and check in. Our apartment is part of the refurbished Royal Arsenal rectangular compound which overlooks the Bassin de Plaissance Laperouse on one side which connects to the Charent River. As the sun is still shining we decide to drop the bags and check out the ‘hood.

Best use of an old canon – the dockside of our hotel.

The old town of Rochefort and its suburbs were built on a Jurassic limestone island which is evident in the large number of historic buildings constructed from limestone.

In particular, the compound where Napoleon stayed during 4-6 August 1808 and 3-8 July 1815.

House where Napoleon stayed in Rochefort.

As it’s a Monday, there probably won’t be m/any restaurants open tonight so we walk to the local Carrefours on the other side of the old town for supplies.

Street Art downtown opposite Carrefours.

Returning to the hotel we walk past Place Colbert which this time of year has an ice rink set up.

Entrance to the ice skating rink.

Along one side of the Place is the impressive, flag-bedecked Hotel de Ville.

Ice skating.

We come across some more street art, in this instance elegantly advertising an optician’s shop.

‘Spectacular’ street art.

When we get back to the apartment we are relieved to feel that the heating has made it very cosy and even the washer/dryer has finished its load as expected.

After an entree of pate toasts, a main of chicken and mushroom risotto accompanied by a glass of red and a dessert of mango sorbet we’re ready for an early night.

5 December, 2023

Opening the shutters at 9:00 am reveals a sunny morning with a forecast top of 11 Deg. C. Breakfast is served in a Cafe attached to the Apartment complex in the vaulted basement of limestone blocks.

Unfortunately, it’s rather disappointing. Just juice, yoghurt tubs, no fruit, no savoury dishes, some bread, butter, jams and pastries plus strong, stewed coffee in a large pump pot. When we go out for a walk we’ll have to find a cafe for some decent coffee!

Our town map reveals a couple of walking trails so we walk to the basin and the river beyond.

Bassin de Plaisance Laperouse next to our apartment building.

Walking along the river bank we pass the Corderie Royale, now the rope-making museum.

Corderie Royale Museum.

At L’Arsenal des Mers we walk from the harbour front under the Porte de l’Arsenal and up Avenue Charles de Gaulle.

Porte de L’Arsenal from Ave Charles de Gaulle.

Today there are open-air market stalls set up on both sides of the avenue – fruit, vegetable, roast chook and cheese stalls.

A bunch of holly with your vegetables today, Madame?

On the street corner is the Les Halles building, for indoor markets. Interestingly, there are several fish stalls open today with one or two meat stalls and a cheese one.

Les Halls – indoor markets.

The majority of the stalls are closed. It must be an amazing atmosphere here when all the stalls are open at the same time.

Fish, meat and cheese market today.

Turning the corner we are at Place Colbert and in search of a cafe where we can sit outside in the sun, which we find at ‘Yves Thuries’, the chocolatier/salon de the. While we are waiting for our hot beverages, Lynn crosses the road to check out the Saint-Louis Church.

Saint-Louis Church with bell tower at rear.

The Saint-Louis Church is one of the main parish churches in the town of Rochefort and one of the rare examples of neoclassical architecture in the area.

One of the side chapels houses the tomb of the intendant of the navy and the general of La Rochelle, Michel Bégon, who contributed to the beautification of the city at the end of the 17th century.

Inside the Saint-Louis Church.

The current Saint-Louis church was built in 1768 on the site of the former chapel of the Capuchin convent, in the immediate vicinity of Place Colbert. It was rebuilt in 1835 to the plans of the architect Félix Garde, retaining only the bell tower of the former Notre-Dame church established in 1686 and demolished shortly after the Revolution.

Our host at the Chocolatier/Salon de The.

From Place Colbert we walk west to the Post Office (Hôtel des Postes de Rochefort) which was designed in 1911 by the architect Léon Lavoine. With an imposing appearance and academic style, this monument consists of a large two-story central body flanked by two single-level pavilions. It’s also opposite the Place des Martyrs de la Resistance.

Rochefort Post Office.

Next to the Martyrs’ monument is Square Herriot which leads to a long, but unkempt, public garden that ends at the former Naval Medical School and Library.

Former Naval Medical School & Library.

Like no other in France, the Naval Medical School was founded in 1722. At the time, it was the first in the world. For more than 240 years, the Naval Medical School trained surgeons for duty on warships. They also
actively participated in exploration trips around the world. Then, the collections of human anatomy, ethnography and natural history, as well as the library, grew.

The garden boasts a multitude of medicinal plants, as well as aromatic and dyeing plants that echo the voyages of exploration that brought some of them back to Rochefort.

In front of the Naval College is an elegant building which now houses the Marine Museum.

The Marine Museum.

After walking past the Bassin de Plaissance Bougainville, now a heavily populated marina, and booking a table for dinner tonight at the O’Gabier seafood restaurant, we wander past the remaining town ramparts and past some more striking street art, this time adorning a Ministry of Justice building for the Prison and Probation Service.

Street art on a Ministry of Justice building.

On our return to the apartment we realise we have completed an appropriate naval maneuver – we’ve circumnavigated the old town!

6 December, 2023

Another chilly but sunny day so our first task after another inadequate breakfast is a walk into the old town for a coffee.

Yesterday we remembered seeing a tabac across the road from Les Halles with tables outside in the sun so we head there. Surprisingly, we are told that cappuccino is available, rather than the ubiquitous cafe au lait, so we order one each. Turns out that the cappuccino is ‘not as we know it’, just a black coffee with a bit of light foam on top which soon disappears. Still, sitting in the sun is nice, and free!

Although the cafe where we have breakfast is open this evening (drinks and snacks) we decide we’ll get some provisions from the supermarket and dine in instead.

We spend the rest of the day in the apartment emailing Christmas postcards.

7 December, 2023

Rain is forecast today with a top of 12. It’s definitely a cold and grey day when we go to breakfast. So, another day in sending out the rest of the Christmas postcards, several loads of washing and ironing, and dinner across the quay at Le Cap Nell seafood restaurant at 7:00 pm.

Tomorrow we’ll drive about 2 hours to our accommodation at Chateau Valandraud, a winery about 6.5km E of Saint-Emilion which in turn is 45km E of Bordeaux.

8 December, 2023

It’s 11 Deg. C. and sunny as we depart Rochefort for Saint-Emilion. During the trip it rains from time to time which means we end up driving in to a blinding ribbon of silver as the sun reflects off the tarmac.

On the road to Bordeaux.

As it’s a relatively short drive we opt for toll-free roads which takes us through countryside and occasionally on motorways.

Vineyards on the outskirts of Libourne.

Again, water is lying on parts of fields and in some low-lying areas there is local flooding. I wonder how prevalent ‘root rot’ is in these wine growing areas.

Getting closer to St Emilion.

Our route bypasses Saintes, Jonzac, Libourne and Saint-Emilion where we arrive at the Chateau around 1:30 pm.

Driving past the medieval walled town of Saint-Emilion.

Driving from Saint-Emiliion to the Chateau, both sides of the road are covered in vineyards as far as the eye can see, interspersed with limestone buildings each with the name of a particular chateau, surrounded by rows and rows of staked and leafless vines. Chateau Valandraud seems to have extensive fields of vines surrounding it.

Chateau Valandraud – cellar door (L), accommodation (R).

The Chateau combines a modern extension which houses the cellar door/tasting room. Separately there is a modern building which houses the stainless steel vats. An older house comprises the accommodation. It has been extensively renovated with mod cons and a modern extension at the rear which overlooks the terrace and a small valley of vineyards below.

View from the communal lounge room.

Apparently the vineyard started in 1991 on a plot of 0.6 ha whose production was vinified in a garage transformed into a cellar. Today Château Valandraud has grown significantly and its now 10.70 ha on the clay-limestone plateau of Saint Etienne de Lisse with a diversified grape variety: 70 % Merlot, 25% Cabernet Franc, 5% Cabernet Sauvignon.

View of the lounge room (far left) & tasting room windows (R) from the vat building.

The Chateau is described both as a Saint-Emilion Grand Cru and a Premier Grand Cru Classe.

The Chateau brand.

The Saint-Émilion Grand Cru Classé classification is for major grapes of Merlot and Cabernet Franc whose blends are of high-quality. A dynamic classification established in 1955 that gets revised every 10 years. According to the Wine Folly website: “Expect these wines to deliver ripe plum and blackcurrant aromas, with fresh violet, leather, chocolate, smoke, and earthy undertones.”

Within this classification there are 2 main tiers: Grands Crus Classes – 64 wineries and Premier Grands Crus Classés – 18 Wineries.

‘Grand Cru Classé’ on a label – a really good wine, and ‘Premier Grand Cru Classé’ – some of the highest quality red Bordeaux. Expect to pay high prices, ranging from $40-$4000/bottle. Most of these wines are meant to age for at least 10 years before opening, but many benefit from 10+ years of cellaring.

To be honest they are overpriced compared to similar Australian wines and they don’t seem to have the quality or depth of flavours of our home- grown varieties.

Sampling local produce and the Chateau’s wine.

After checking in we unpack then drive into nearby Castillon-la-Bataille to get supplies for dinner.

View from the terrace in front of the lounge windows.

We’ve decided we’ll sit in the lounge this afternoon and gaze out over the lovely view until sunset while indulging in an early supper of local produce accompanied by a bottle of red – Bad Boy – from the Chateau.

Tomorrow we will visit the medieval town of Saint-Emilion located at the crossroads of Bordeaux, Saintonge and Périgord. The town and surrounding vineyards was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999, owing to its long, living history of wine-making. Romanesque churches and ruins stretch all along steep and narrow cobblestone streets.

Saint-Émilion’s history goes back at least 35,000 years ago, to the Upper Paleolithic period. An oppidum (a large, fortified Iron Age settlement) was built on the hill overlooking the present-day city in Gaulish times, before the region was annexed by Augustus in 27 BC. The Romans planted vineyards in what was to become Saint-Émilion as early as the 2nd century.

Saint-Émilion, previously called Ascumbas, was renamed after the Breton monk Émilion. He created the Hermitage of Saint-Émilion, carved from a rock shelter in a deserted forest. He lived in the oratory until his death in 767. The monks who followed him started up the commercial wine production in the area.

9 December, 2023

After a great night’s sleep in this rural setting we head downstairs for breakfast. Here we chat with a delightful couple who are staying for a couple of nights and whom we briefly saw last night. They are French and between Ghislaine’s English and Google Translate we actually manage a reasonable conversation. I might have to change my view of the French. Perhaps it is just the Parisians I have an issue with. So far this trip, ‘provincial’ French people we have encountered have been very pleasant, accommodating and extremely tolerant of our crap attempts at speaking French!

Unfortunately, the weather for the rest of our stay in this area is rain. So we don our ‘wets’ and drive into Saint-Emilion and park at the NW corner of the town next to the wall. On the way we see small gatherings of people on grass verges to vineyards donning long rain coats and gum boots ready to put in a day’s work pruning the vines.

Our first stop in the upper town is the imposing Collegiate Church of Saint-Emilion and its cloister. The religious community installed within the church between the 12th and 18th centuries was a college of canons following the rule of Saint Augustine. The size of the site is a reflection of the importance of this community and its desire to mark its dominance in the town. Most of the architectural elements visible today are Gothic. The church houses a statue of St. Valery, a local saint and protector of the wine growers.

Collegiate Church altar.

The cloister of the 14th century forms a space thirty metres square and whose galleries are covered with a wooden frame. The groups of columns at the four corners of the gallery are topped by decorated capitals. Of the first cloister, built in the Romanesque period, only the east and south walls and openings remain, the rest of the monument was rebuilt in the Gothic period.

Collegiate Church Cloister.

Outside the church there is a viewpoint of the town adjacent to the bell tower of the next imposing church in Saint-Emilion, the Monolithic Church.

Square in front of the Monolithic Church (R).

To get to the Monolithic Church we walk down Rue Guadet turn right through the Porte de La Cadene and down Rue de la Cadene to the square.

Porte de la Cadene & charcuterie.

The church, sited in the higher part of Saint-Emilion town, is an incredible underground feat, carved out of the rock over three centuries. As large as a cathedral, it was built by Benedictine monks between the 11th and 12th centuries, and is the largest of its kind in Europe. It has a maze of tunnels that include vast catacombs. The bell tower sits an amazing 53m above the town and offers fantastic views over the area.

Monolithic Church entrance (L) & bell tower.

From here we walk down Rue de la Petite Fontaine and, sure enough, there is one here. The sources of the water for the wells and fountains which supply the upper and lower parts of the town come from the forest where Emilion lived. This water hollowed out the limestone rock and gave an amphitheater shape to the town.

Two of these water sources were converted into the town’s 2 wash houses – the King’s Fountain and the Place Fountain. The wash houses were public basins, supplied with large quantities of water diverted from a source, where the washerwomen rinsed clothes after they had been washed.

Place Fountain.

From here we make our way to the Tower of the King (Le Tour du Roy) which entails walking up some steep roads and steps to the town’s wall.

En route to the Tower of the King.

Standing high above the lower town, the King’s Tower was built on the edge of the plateau from which it is separated by a deep moat hewn out of the rock.

King’s Tower.

Despite its name, there is nothing royal about the tower. On the contrary, it is a symbol of the town because it is in fact the town’s old bell tower, built c. 1230, at the foot of which stood the medieval town hall of Saint-Emilion until 1720.

View of the town from the stairs leading to the King’s Tower.

When part of this building collapsed it was demolished and the other town hall, located on the market square, enlarged. So Saint-Emilion had two town halls for over 250 years!

View of the town from the base of the Tower.

From here we walk to the opposite side of town, past the Cloitre des Cordeliers to the Porte Brunet.

The ramparts of Saint-Emilion were allegedly commissioned by England in the 12th century with the aim of protecting the prosperous village of Saint-Emilion. This fortification wall can also be considered as a ceremonial and prestigious wall whose primary purpose would have been to show the power of the village rather than to protect it.

The inhabitants began by digging deep ditches all around the village. With the extracted stones, they built a surrounding wall encompassing more than 18 hectares and running approximately 1.5 km around the village. This wall was probably flanked by seven gates and small defensive towers with a walkway linking these gates together.

With the exception of the Brunet gate to the east the other gates, as well as a majority of the old fortification, were destroyed during the wars of religion in the 16th century and then again in the 19th century with the opening of rue Guadet and the desire to open the city to ‘modern’ traffic.

Porte Brunet from inside the wall.

The Brunet gate takes its name from the Gascon “Branet” meaning moors, heather, clearing . This door opened onto the countryside. With a length of 9.50 m and a width of 3.90 m, between its two arches is a ‘stunner’ through which the defendants threw stones and boiling water at attackers.

Porte Brunet from outside the wall.

In the 17th century the sides were widened so that carts could pass each other. The passage was closed with wooden doors on hinges still visible today.

Despite the rain we head back into Saint-Emilion at 6:30 pm for dinner. The roads are dark, wet and narrow and our car headlights are definitely inadequate for the job.

The King’s Tower is all lit up with cascades of Christmas lights but unfortunately our phone camera is not up to the task of showing the true pale golden colours of the lighting.

Christmas lighting on the King’s Tower.

Dinner tonight is better than most restaurant meals that we have experienced in France so far but way over priced for what we eat. We try a Grand Cru local red but again a bit underwhelming.

Since continued rain is forecast and since many restaurants will be closed tomorrow night we decide to head back to the supermarket in the morning to buy a meal to eat in. The Chateau has streaming services so we will enjoy a warm, dry evening watching a movie or two tomorrow night.

10 December, 2023

We wake to a foggy morning – a white out – as we take in the view this morning at breakfast time.

Foggy start to the day.

Again we have a ‘conversation’ with Ghislaine and Jean-Claude at breakfast then, after a photo, bid them farewell and safe travels for their onward journey. But, I feel sorry for them …. they’re back to work tomorrow!

A farewell photo with Ghislaine and Jean-Claude.

As we are driving to the supermarket at Castillon-la-Bataille we see a startling silhouette at the grass verge between the road and a vineyard – a man dressed in camo with a shot gun – not something we see everyday, thank goodness!

It is a cold and very wet day so we spend it relaxing and I catch up on some outstanding items on my to do list.

11 December, 2023

Ground hog day! Another grey day raining cats and dogs – or should I say ‘il pleut des chats et des chiens’. So, I think another night in. But, we notice that the seasonal cycle of wine production doesn’t grind to a halt because of bad weather. A hardy soul is out in the vineyard adjacent to the house, in the pouring rain in his ‘wets’, pruning row upon row of vines. Like the saying goes: “It’s not bad weather, just bad clothing.”

Just a-pruning in the rain.

Tomorrow we leave France for 18 days when we drive to our next stop just inside the Spanish border near Oiartzun. Looks like it will be ‘same old, same old’ with rain forecast for our 4 days there. But, looks like we’ll be driving to Zaragoza in sunshine and will have a sunny day for our next walking tour. Yay!

12 December, 2023

Only 16km difference between taking the toll roads or toll-free roads today but an hour longer. Given the constant rain we opt for the toll roads. Would you believe that in the 276km journey we have 5 French tolls totaling Eur18 and one Spanish toll of Eur1.09 – and that was as soon as we cross the border!

Our room at Usategieta Hotel, Arragua, Spain.

After driving up a narrow, winding and bumpy road we arrive just before 2:00pm in torrential rain at our rustic, chalet-style hotel and are made feel very welcome by the receptionist.

Mountain view from our room.

We have a corner room which gives us dual aspect views – a mountainous view …

A break in the rain – valley view.

… and a valley view.

Although the hotel description on booking.com says that the hotel’s restaurant will be closed for dinner in winter Monday-Wednesday, we are informed that, in fact, it is open. Thank goodness, as we really don’t want to have to go out in the darkness and rain in search of a decent restaurant.

Dinner is served at 7:30pm at which time we promptly arrive to find we have the place to ourselves.

Good food and wine at last.

Our waitress is also very welcoming and soon we are served not only a delicious Rioja but also a delicious steak, superbly cooked, and veal and scrumptious bread. Absolute bliss after weeks of mediocre French fare.

13 December, 2023

As breakfast doesn’t close until 11:00am we sleep in until 9:00am. A quick look out the window shows that the rain has cleared, but this doesn’t last for long.

Morning in the back yard.

Soon there is torrential rain once again. We were contemplating going for a bit of a drive but decide instead to drive 7 minutes to a local Mercadona supermarket for supplies, then purchase a bottle of Rioja from downstairs.

Nothing to do but drink house red.

We’ll stay in for the next 2 days and watch the curtains of rain gust past our windows and watch the landscape fade in and out of low cloud. Instead we’ll venture out on Friday when rain is predicted to reduce from 94% today to 62% and the temperature rise from 11 today to 13.

Plus, we have an excellent restaurant on site and an extensive wine cellar at our disposal …

14 December, 2023

Actually, the rain seems to have stopped for the moment so we think, ‘carpe diem’ and jump in the car to go for that ‘bit of a drive’.

Possibility of sunshine today?

San Sebastian (known as Donostia in Basque) is the largest town nearby on the coast so we make a bee-line for Monte Igueldo to get a panoramic view of the city.

Driving through town it’s the usual circuitous route thanks to one-way and blocked-off streets, but it gives us a chance to view the many elegant buildings that make up this, essentially, seaside town.

One of the stately buildings in San Sebastian.

Over the centuries the city has had its moments in history including being beseiged, razed and rebuilt a number of times; the summer retreat for King Alfonso XIII and then his widow; a seaside resort with casino. Following the outbreak of World War I, San Sebastian became a destination for renowned international figures of culture and politics including Mata Hari, Leon Trotsky and Maurice Ravel.

Bay of Biscay from Monte Igueldo.

The city was one of the early towns affected by the 1918 Spanish Flu epidemic. In 1930, Spanish republican forces signed up to the Pact of San Sebastián, leading to the Second Spanish Republic. Unrest and repression did not stop with the new political regime, and large-scale industrial action was called several times by the growing anarchist, communist and socialist unions.

Santa Clara Island in Concha Bay ringed by San Sebastian.

The 1936 military coup was initially defeated by the resistance, led by the Basque Nationalists,  anarchists and communists, but later that same year the province fell to Spanish Nationalist forces during the Northern Campaign resulting in many executions in the city.

Igueldo Tower.

At the top of Monte Igueldo is not only a Mercure Hotel but an aging, 1970s concrete theme park – closed as it is winter. This theme park is dominated by the Igueldo Tower which began as a lighthouse (La Farola) in the mid-18th century. Once a new lighthouse was built in 1854 the old tower was abandoned but given a new lease of life in 1912 when it was refurbished as an observation tower.

Monte Igueldo Theme Park.

Monte Igueldo is also the destination of a funicular railway from the beach.

From here we drive up the coast to Cape Higuer considered the westernmost land strip of the Pyrenees. Here there is another disused lighthouse on this promontory on the Spanish-French border.

Cabo Higuer – another abandoned lighthouse.

The cape is near Hondarribia and Irun – identified as the Roman port town of Oiasso.

Below the cape has been built a sheltered harbour for some fishing boats. Interestingly, part of its harbour walls has been built out into the Bidasoa River which so that part of the wall is in Spain and the other part has been built across the borderline in the river as shown on the map, in France. I wonder how they got planning permission for that?

Harbour Wall.

When we get back to the hotel we notice a traditional haystack in the field. We saw these ‘stacks during our trip through Spain and Bosnia in 2014/15.

Traditional Hay Stack.

15 December 2023

Torrential rain during part of the night but overcast with intermittent sunshine upon waking. As we did our sightseeing yesterday it’s a day in to enjoy the view.

Mist in the backyard.

Tomorrow we drive to Zaragoza, 273 km away which will take about 3 ¼ hours on toll-free roads.

France – from Calais to Quimper.

18 November, 2023

Last night Alex made a wonderful Argentinian casserole for dinner. It was warm and filling on a very cold and raining night. We slept soundly.

It is still raining this morning but luckily we only have to repack our suitcases for our trip to France and Spain tomorrow and head over to a Tesco Supermarket to restock some supplies and refuel the car. It is a good chance to test the car which ran faultlessly and see if I still know how to drive on the correct side of the road. Tomorrow I will see how I go driving a Right Hand Drive car in a Left Hand Drive country. It will be interesting at least. I prepare the car with all the French requirements and we sort and repack ready for the next three months in France and Spain.

Alex has very kindly offered to do our laundry while we are out shopping and saves us a lot of time so Lynn not only irons my newly-laundered clothes but irons 12 of Ross’s business shirts as well.

Tonight we are taking Ross and Alex out to dinner at the local pub. The pub is packed full tonight so it is lucky that Alex booked us a table. We all eat well and had some good bevvies. We will also sleep well again tonight.

Dinner at The Compasses Inn.

19 November, 2023

It is windy by the time we are out of bed at 8:00 am but at least the rain has stopped. A quick breakfast, pack the car and farewells and we are driving the 20 minutes to Folkstone to catch Le Shuttle (English Channel Tunnel railway) to France. We have to traverse a number of very narrow lanes to the M20 then straight in to the loading area for the shuttle train.

The narrow country lanes of Anvil Green.

The train is not very busy this morning so we are loaded on the 10:45 am train instead of our booked 11:50 am scheduled service.

About to load on Le Shuttle in Folkstone.

It is only takes about 35 minutes to make the crossing and it is so much easier than flying or taking a car ferry.

Driving along the top deck of the train to exit.

On the other side of the English Channel we emerge in bright sunshine but obviously after rain. It is now a matter of getting used to driving our car in France.

Emerging in France.

It isn’t long before the clouds build and it starts to rain heavily. We manage to arrive two hours early at 1:00pm at our accommodation in Boulogne-sur-mer but since it is off season the owner arrives and agrees to let us check in early.

We unpack and head downtown to get some provisions for dinner as most restaurants are closed on a Sunday evening and as we find out, so are most of the supermarkets. We manage to find a small store and pick up some essentials to have with a bottle of wine for dinner.

The Maison is beautifully restored and even has a number of peacocks and peahens roaming around the grounds.

Some of the local livestock.

20 November, 2023

Since it is bucketing down with rain and there is a strong wind outside Lynn’s decided she will spend the day resting to nurse her cold. I have a few emails to catch up on and some Ancestry information to correct so I spend the day at the PC down in the breakfast area. I also use the time to again deal with HSBC issues and buy the grandchildren’s Christmas presents online. It would be far better to have Christmas with the grandkids but they are still too young to remember this one. However, we hope that the Christmas letters from Santa which we organised whilst at Santa’s Village in Finland back in June may surprise them.

There are only two rooms booked at this B&B at the moment and the other couple who are French are out all day sight seeing around Calais. On their return they tell us that it rained so heavily that they saw nothing all day. It felt like I had this Grand Maison to myself for the day.

Maison Grandsire.

We have to venture out tonight to find a restaurant for dinner. Unfortunately it is still raining and since it is almost winter it is also very dark, very early. To our surprise driving back into the town is a pain as the traffic is very heavy. Where is all this traffic coming from or going to? As was the case last night many restaurants are not open and there is absolutely no parking anywhere near our restaurant choices. In the end we give up and settle for that famous Scottish Restaurant as they have plenty of parking. Tomorrow morning we will go into town and find some suitable places to park with restaurants close by. It is still forecast for rain again tomorrow but we can’t miss seeing some of this town.

21 November, 2023

It is still raining this morning as we go down to breakfast. The other guests are checking out today so we have the house to ourselves for the next two days.

After breakfast I locate a free parking area next to the old town walls so we drive in to see if we can find a restaurant for tonight and explore some of the old town. It is so much easier with less traffic and in daylight. There is plenty of parking and the rain has eased off a little.

The North Gate with Basilica behind.

We have parked right by the North Gate of the fortified old town. Rue de Lille with Place Godefroy Bouillon (named after a local lord who departed from the port of Boulogne in 1096 to lead the first Crusade and was made King of Jerusalem) at one end and the Basilica at the other end, is lined with shops and restaurants which we check out for tonight.

Surely some of these places are open tonight?

Boulogne-sur-Mer’s Ville Haute is a beautifully preserved medieval town with the Basilica Notre Dame which has the longest crypt in France (dating back to Roman times). Cobble stone streets, ancient buildings, a chateau museum, quirky shops and restaurants. Also, the UNESCO-listed Belfry where cannon balls were fired on the town by King Henry VIII when he laid siege to the town in 1544.

The Town Hall & 12th century Belfry.

Julius Caesar took off from this town to invade England in 55BC. Napoleon mustered an Armada for the same purpose centuries later.

In fact, Napoleon Bonaparte spent three years in Boulogne planning an invasion of England. He stayed in a mansion called the Imperial Palace, now a university building, at the Place Godefroy de Bouillon.

Napoleon’s House – the Imperial Palace.

Past the Imperial Palace the road changes its name to Rue du Puits d’Amour which continues through the city wall where one can climb the stairs and stroll around the ancient, boulevard-wide ramparts which have 17 towers.

The Lower or Southern Gate beneath the ramparts.

The archway frames a French flag and monument known as ‘Le souvenir francaise aux enfants de Boulogne morts pour la patrie’ (French memory of Boulogne’s children who died for their homeland).

Children’s Memorial at the Lower Gate.

The Basilican of Notre Dame, built on the site of other churches dating to AD636, is unique – part Rome’s Pantheon, London’s St Paul’s Cathedral and Les Invalides in Paris – it was designed by a priest with no architectural experience but is magnificent.

Back to the Basilica.

As it starts to rain again we reach the car and head back to the Maison to do some washing and update the blog. Early this evening we will head back to hopefully find a functioning restaurant.

Driving along the D96 into town the Basilica dominates the skyline and there are several pieces of very good street art along the way.

Street Art in town.

Once again we park by the city wall where the illumination of the Basilica’s Dome is rather impressive.

The Basilica at dusk.

Unfortunately, none of the restaurants in Rue de Lille in the old town is open so we walk to Place Dalton where we find a pub and bistro open with boards outside illustrating the food they serve.

Pub for dinner watching Curling.

It’s now about 5:30 pm. After perusing the menu which lists both drinks and food, the waitress promptly comes to our table to take our drinks orders. When she delivers the drinks we go to order food but she says: “Non, non, non! Ze kitchen duz not open until 7 pm for food!”

Buggar! We sit and nurse our drinks for 1.5 hours while we watch the curling on the Eurosport channel. At 7:40 pm our food finally arrives and is almost inedible. So much for French cuisine!!!

22 November, 2023

Finally, the rain has stopped and this morning is bright and sunny with a top forecast of 11 Deg. C.

After our solitary breakfast we drive into town.

The Basilica dominating the skyline.

This is the other piece of street art that is on the D96 drive into town.

More Street Art.

Today we park closer to the West Gate entrance to the old town which has a more ornate facade.

West Gate.

Once inside the gate there is a set of stairs leading up onto the ramparts that totally enclose the old town.

From here we get another view of the Belfry which is behind the Hotel de Ville (Town Hall).

Bell Tower from the top of the Old Town Wall.

Also from here we get an aerial view of the Square of A. Mariette-Pacha, the famous Boulognaise Egyptologist. In the square is a monument to the man, atop a pyramid, behind that a step period and behind that a modern gold-capped obelisk with hieroglyphics. Alongside the square is an Egyptian boat.

Square of A. Mariette-Pacha.

François Auguste Ferdinand Mariette (11 February 1821 – 18 January 1881) was a French scholar, archaeologist and Egyptologist, and the founder of the Egyptian Department of Antiquities, the forerunner of the Supreme Council of Antiquities. He discovered the ruins at Saqqara in 1851 and other significant Egyptian discoveries. In 1869 he even wrote a brief plot for an opera which Verdi accepted as the subject for Aida.

Walkway on top of the town walls.

When we arrive at the stairs to the Basilica we descend and enter the church.

The first Christian building on the site was probably built by the Romans during the 4th or 5th century, on the peak of the hill that forms the modern haute ville. In around 1100 a new church was built on the site and over the next few centuries underwent numerous changes.

In 1567, on the creation of the Diocese of Boulogne, the church was elevated to be its cathedral, and flourished until the French Revolution. The building was then demolished in stages. Of the original cathedral, only the impressive Romanesque crypt from the medieval building survives.

A local priest and self-taught architect, Benoît Haffreingue, vowed to rebuild the destroyed cathedral. After a vigorous campaign he was able to gain the support of many, including Victor Hugo and François-René de Chateaubriand, and soon had considerable public opinion behind him.

Better view from the wall.

Construction of his design began in 1827 with the building of the rotunda and continued for nearly fifty years. The dome that now dominates the town was finished in 1854 and its western towers were completed in the 1870s. In 1879 the rebuilt church was declared a minor basilica.

Main altar.

Notre-Dame was built to a new design inspired by both Classical and Renaissance styles, and bears many similarities to St Paul’s Cathedral.

Inside the dome.

The area beneath the dome was initially designed to form the complete church, but additional funding allowed the expansion to the nave and transept that form a Latin cross. This gives the finished building the unusual internal appearance of being formed by two distinct churches, each of which is equally beautiful.

Another altar off the dome area.

Decorated in Romanesque style, the crypt’s walls are covered with frescoes and there are relics on display. Here Edward II of England married Isabelle of France in 1308. Their son Edward III later started the 100 years war.

In the Crypt.

When Haffreingue began work on the new church in 1827, the workmen discovered a crypt that had lain unknown for centuries, having probably been filled in during the 1544 siege of Boulogne by Henry VIII of England. The crypt is 128 metres long in total, and is believed to be the longest in France. Its Romanesque columns date back to the 11th century.

The Romanesque Crypt.

With 19th-century masonry accompanying the original medieval work, the many rooms also include the foundations of a Roman temple dedicated to Mars and evidence of Roman barracks.

The Treasury – Liturgical Goldsmithing.

Back up on the ramparts it’s a short walk to the Chateau which was built in the 13th century by Philippe Hurepel (1180-1234), count of Boulogne and son of Philip II of France.

The Castle.

The castle is built in the eastern corner of the medieval walls surrounding the Haute Ville, the walls themselves reconstructed by Hurepel. The eastern part of the castle was built over the corner of the Roman wall, parts of which are still visible in the basement. Housing together the political, legal and economic powers of the time, it was also a residential and defensive site.

The Castle Moat.

Classified as a court castle it has its own moat. It’s accessible from both the outside – the large gateway to the city is still used today – as well as from the castle courtyard.

Castle entrance over the drawbridge.

With its 9 cylindrical towers joined by curtain walls its shape resembles an irregular polygon.

After passing the main entrance, which has lost its original drawbridge, the first building on the left is what was the state room when the castle was built then follows the chapel, armoury, lodgings and kitchens.

Safely across the drawbridge.

After completing a circuit of the ramparts we jump in the car and drive 3 minutes to Rue Napoleon.

Napoleon built 2000 boats and was so sure of success he had a 54 metre high victory column (Colonne de la Grand Armee) erected 3 km away from the old town at Wimille between 1804 and 1841. The column is topped by a statue of Napoleon Bonaparte turning his back on the sea. His ambitions didn’t go to plan, but the column remains.

Napoleon’s Column.

After we return to the Maison, I order a Clean Air Certificate (Crit’Air) for the car which has been a requirement since August if you want to drive in 13 of France’s towns. We’ll be staying in 3: Toulouse, Nice and Reims so I organise for it to be delivered to our accommodation in St Emilion. It only costs Eur3.70 and is for the lifetime of the car, but if you don’t have one the fine can be up to Eur135.

As we can’t find a restaurant that opens before 7:00 pm for dinner we opt to drive to the large Leclerc supermarket 4 minutes away to buy something to cook at home.

Tomorrow we drive the 240 km to Honfleur, about 2 hours away.

23 November, 2023

After our host, Nick, kindly produces a compressor so that I can inflate the car tyres, we are away at 11:10 am driving under an overcast sky with an outside temperature of 13 Deg. C.

The GPS takes us down the A16 then the A28 and A29 to our destination of Honfleur.

About to cross the Pont de Normandie on the A29.

So, 2 tolls and a bridge fee later – for crossing the impressive Pont de Normandie over the River Seine – we arrive around 1:30 pm and check in.

Pont de Normandie.

Honfleur is located in the Calvados area of Normandy. It is located on the southern bank of the estuary of the Seine across from Le Havre and very close to the exit of the Pont de Normandie.

View from our room – the impressive Pont de Normandie in the distance.

Honfleur is especially known for its old port, characterized by its houses with slate-covered frontages, painted frequently by artists – such as Gustave Courbet, Eugène Boudin, Claude Monet and Johan Jongkind, who formed the école de Honfleur (Honfleur School) which contributed to the Impressionist movement.

The Honfleur Harbour.

The first written record of Honfleur is a reference by Richard III, Duke of Normandy, in 1027. By the mid-12th century, the city was a significant transit point for goods from Rouen to England.

After 1608, Honfleur thrived on trade with Canada, the West Indies, the African coasts and the Azores. As a result, the town became one of the five principal ports for the slave trade in France. During this time the rapid growth of the town saw the demolition of its fortifications.

The wars of the French revolution and the First Empire, and in particular the continental blockade, caused the ruin of Honfleur. In recent times its recovery as a significant port has been hindered by the development of the modern port at Le Havre.

After the Normandy landings, Honfleur was liberated together by the British, Belgian and Canadian armies on 25 August 1944 without any combat.

North end of the Harbour.

The Sainte-Catherine church, dedicated to Saint Catherine of Alexandria, has a bell tower separate from the principal building, and is the largest wooden church in France. The church is partially covered in chestnut shingles, which are called “essentes” in the local dialect.

St Catherine’s Church.

The first nave is the oldest part of the building, dating to the second half of the 15th century, constructed right after the Hundred Years’ War. It was built on the model of a market hall, using naval construction techniques, which gives the impression of an upside-down ship’s hull.

Inside the wooden Church.

In the 16th century, a second nave was added, whose vault was like the wooden vaults of modest Gothic churches. This second part was more round, and did not look like a ship’s hull.

The Altar.

The famous “Axe masters” of the naval yards of the city created this lovely building without using any saws, just like their Norman ancestors (who can be seen in action in the Bayeux Tapestry), and like the Vikings before them.

The 14th Century wooden bell tower.

The bell tower was built a good distance away, so that parishioners would not be burnt in case of a fire. Indeed, the bell tower drew lightning strikes due to its height and its position on the side of a hill.

Narrow lanes and 14th Century buildings.

We stop at the ‘Green Parrot’ Bar & Bistro which is one of many that line the harbour – but one of few that is open at the moment – for its special: Le Vin Chaud de Maison!

Stopping for hot wine by the harbour.

24 November, 2023

Finally, the rain has stopped so we decide on a walk along the Seine then through the Jardin des Personnalities to the Croix de Grace just before the beach commences.

Walk in the park.

The garden is landscaped over more than 20 acres and pays tribute to 21 people.

Claude Monet.

Each person has a space of his/her own, within a boat-shaped hedge and with a bust and a sign with homage to their work. There are 4 categories: painters, artists, navigators and historical figures.

The River Seine at Honfleur.

At the top end of the garden is an exit onto the promenade which ends where the beach commences.

The Seine as it enters the sea. Le Harve in the background.

Walking back to the Old Harbour we pass by La Lieutenance. The lieutenancy building (la Lieutenance) is at the entrance to the old harbour. It is an old building of the 18th century, and the former home of the Governor of Honfleur. One of the sides of the building is an old gate of the city, the Port de Caen, which was to be part of the city’s fortifications. It was between 1684 and 1789 home to the Lieutenant of the king. In 1793 it became the commerce tribunal.

La Lieutenance.

Opposite is Le Vintage Bar and Restaurant so we pop in for a coffee and a hot chocolate to warm up.

Hot chocolate for lunch.

After hot beverages we cut down Rue Haute which has more restaurants and shops and Boulevard Charles V.

Lynn’s a big fan.

In Boulevard Charles V we come across the house where Erik Satie, another notable Honfleur artist, was born. Satie (1866-1925), a French composer and pianist was born and lived in Honfleur as a youth. He studied at the Paris Conservatoire and in the 1880s worked as a pianist in a café-cabaret in Montmartre, and began composing works, mostly for solo piano, such as his Gymnopédies and Gnossiennes.

A meeting with Jean Cocteau in 1915 led to the creation of the ballet Parade (1917) for Serge Diaghilev, with music by Satie, sets and costumes by Pablo Picasso, and choreography by Léonide Massine.

Satie’s example guided a new generation of French composers away from post-Wagnerian impressionism towards a sparer, terser style. Among those influenced by him during his lifetime were Maurice Ravel, Claude Debussy, and Francis Poulenc. There is a museum dedicated to him in Honfleur in the house where he was born.

And more…Erik Sartie’s house.

At this point we part company with me returning to the hotel while Lynn continues to explore.

While photographing Jongkind’s house in Rue du Puits she hears a small bang and a tinkle of falling glass to witness a truck that has reversed into a shop window and pierced it with the edge of its extra long tray.

Hit and run – French Style.

She photographs the truck, both immediately after the incident and as it drives away, as well as the damage to the window. This shop, nor the 2 related shops opposite, is open.

The truck and the damage done.

Returning to the hotel she walks past the top end of the harbour and calls into the Eglise Saint-Leonard.

Walking back past the harbour.

There already existed a sanctuary in 1186 on the site of the current church as evidenced by a charter from Grestain Abbey. The facade is in the flamboyant Gothic style and is the only remaining part of the old Gothic building. There are also some Renaissance elements remaining. Most of the church was burned by the Huguenots during the wars of religion in the 16th century. Most of the building was rebuilt in the 17th and 18th centuries, which explains the particular shape of the dome bell tower, rare in Normandy, but reminiscent of those found in Eastern France.

Eglise Saint-Leonard.

Near to the hotel is a fun fair which, when we had arrived, looked like it had been closed down for the winter, but along one side several booths have been opened and behind them is a large stall serving goodies like crepes, churros and ice creams.

The carnival concessions are open this evening.

Arriving back at the hotel Lynn phones the shop and leaves a message that the shop window has been damaged and that she has photos if the driver of the truck hasn’t been in contact with the owner.

25 November, 2023

At breakfast Lynn gets an SMS from the shop owner asking for her photos and thankful that she had left a message as apparently the driver hasn’t been in touch.

A sunny morning but 4 degrees cooler today at 8 Deg. C. The plan is to walk to Mont Joli to see the view but as we head out we realise that as it’s Saturday, it’s market day. In the Cours des Fosses car park there are clothing, leather and jewellery stalls set out which then continue along the edges of the harbour.

Saturday Markets – clothing section.

Then along the street next to the Eglise Sainte-Catherine and in the church’s square are food stalls.

Saturday Markets – fruit and vegetables.

We walk through the town then up a very steep roadway then a steep switchback path to the summit of Mont Joli.

Hike to the top of Mont Joli.

The hill dominates the city and offers a panorama of the Seine valley and the Pont de Normandie which connects Honfleur to Le Havre.

The view of Honfleur from Mont Joli.

We had planned to go out to dinner later this evening but the local French food is uninspiring and I seem to be developing a gut ache so we just have a snickers bar and a cookie with a cup of tea in our hotel room for dinner.

Lynn went for an early evening walk to get some supplies from the local supermarket and to see what was causing all the thumping noise and doof-doof music. Apparently the carnival is open tonight from 2:30 pm to 11:00 pm so we are assaulted with the noise and music until late. There are not many people at the carnival which we can understand with a night time temperature of 4 Deg C.

Dodgem car ride.

26 November, 2023

It’s our 7th wedding anniversary today so we’ve booked a more upmarket restaurant for lunch. Since it’s Sunday many of the local restaurants will be closed tonight.

Each year Lynn sends me an anniversary email, this year with a very appropriate message attached:

Reflecting Lynn’s reduced hearing.

I had a bad night’s sleep spending much of the night on the loo. Bloody French food. It makes Polish food seem excellent quality.

We head off to lunch just after midday. The food is a little better but these restaurants wouldn’t survive a week’s reviews in most places around the world. And they allow diners to bring their dogs in with them!

Smile! Anniversary lunch.

I order a fatty and gristly entrecote and Lynn orders duck breast which she tells me is delicious.

I am still feeling unwell – I suspect a mild case of food poisoning – so we head back to the hotel where I update the GPS. At around 4:30 pm we get an email from next week’s hotel advising us that they have decided not to bother opening during our booking. This is the third French hotel to cancel our booking that we made last June. I knew there was a reason that I hate the bloody French. Couldn’t organise a piss up in a brewery.

And the carnival is open again this afternoon, too. Thump! Thump! Thump! Thump!

27 November, 2023

It has been raining all night but at least the carnival closed down early by about 9:00 pm.

Heavy rain most of the way to Beauvoir.

We only have a short 1 hour 50 minute drive on toll-free roads to our next stay at Beauvoir where we have a partial view of Mont-Saint-Michel from the bedroom window.

This stay is in a gite but for some very strange French reason we are not supposed to check in until 5:00 pm. There obviously isn’t a French word for ‘Service’ as most of our French accommodation so far has been a hassle one way or another (excluding the Maison). At least we don’t have to check out of the Mercure Hotel in Honfleur until midday.

A break in the weather to see Mont-Saint-Michel.

As I’m fed up with French cuisine, when we arrive we drive to the local supermarket in nearby Pontorson and stock up on wine and food so that we can eat in for the next 3 nights.

28 November, 2023

Bliss! Finally a lie-in this morning thanks to the quiet village we are in and the external window shutters. When we finally surface we are greeted by a stunning, 9 Deg. C. sunny day with no wind.

We’re out the door at 11:15 am to drive the 3 minutes to the car park then walk the short distance to the free shuttle bus that departs immediately.

Sunny day at Mont-Saint-Michel.

The bus takes about 10 minutes from departure, with a stop at the hotels, across the causeway to drop off at the footbridge. They run every 10 minutes up until 10:00 pm.

At this point Lynn reveals that it has been almost 19 years since she last visited here, on 26 December 2004 – otherwise known as the day of the devastating Aceh Tsunami.

We deliberately chose this time of day – 3 hours before low tide – to ensure access to the Mont.

Tide’s out.

Today’s high tide earlier this morning was 12.72m. Low tide at 2:20 pm will be 2.36m. By comparison, today’s low tide at Snapper Rocks (near Burleigh Heads) was 0.26m and high tide was 1.8m. Apparently at the Spring high tide the Mont’s causeway has been known to be inaccessible as the bay of Mont-Saint-Michel is the zone of the highest tides in continental Europe, with a tidal range of up to 15 metres. The sea then reaches the coasts “at the speed of a galloping horse”, as the saying goes.

Walking around the ramparts.

A statue of Saint Michael placed at the top of the abbey church rises 157.10 meters above the shore. The urban ramparts seen today are essentially the work of Abbot Robert Jollivet. In 1417, it surrounded the lower town and the foot of the Mont with a continuous enclosure with a crenelated parapet. The abbey and its outbuildings are classified as historic monuments by list of 1862; the islet and the coastal strip of the bay have been on the UNESCO world heritage list since 1979.

The road in. These days usually above the high tide mark.

The mountain also benefits from a second world recognition as a stage of the Routes of Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle in France for “pilgrims from Northern Europe (who) passed through the Mount when they went to Galicia”.

The economy of the Mount has been dependent, for twelve centuries, on numerous pilgrimages, notably until the French Revolution. People came from all over Northern Europe on pilgrimage to the abbey.

Fast-running tide.

Originally it was known as Mount Tombe. There were two oratories, one dedicated to Saint Symphorien, the other to Saint Stephen, built by hermits in the 6th and 7th centuries. Following this first Christianization of Mont Tombe, an oratory was erected in honor of the Archangel Saint Michael in 708 (709 for the dedication), as indicated in the Annals of Mont-Saint-Michel written at the beginning of the 12th century.

View of the mud flats from the ramparts.

For the first time in 710, the Montoise island lost its name of “Mont-Tombe” and took that of “Mont-Saint-Michel-au-peril-de-la-Mer”, referencing the passage of pilgrims crossing the bay getting stuck in the mud or drowning, before the name “Mont-Saint-Michel” was gradually established.

Outside the Abbey at the top.

In 709, Aubert, bishop of Avranches, installed a community of twelve canons on the site to serve the sanctuary and welcome pilgrims – the mountain became both a place of prayer and study, and pilgrimage. It was at this time that the mountain, to the east of the rock, welcomed the first villagers who were fleeing Viking raids.

Maisons’ marks for accounting purposes.

This first habitat must have housed the different trades necessary for the construction of the first sanctuary: stonemasons, masons, laborers and carpenters. Most houses had to be built of wood and cob. It is likely that the pilgrims found room and board in one of the village inns, which appeared to welcome them at the foot of the mountain. The village thus developed in the shadow of its medieval abbey, growing at the turn of the year 1000 thanks to the protection of the Benedictine abbots.

Casting a shadow over the bay.

The replacement of the canons by Benedictine monks took place in 965 or 966, the year being the founding of the abbey of Mont-Saint-Michel. From then on, the Dukes of Normandy wanted to make the mountain one of the great centres of pilgrimage in Christianity and launched vast construction projects. It was the beginning of the glorious era for the abbey which would be led by 41 Benedictine abbots, from 966 to 1622.

The impressive interior of the Abbey.

It was these first Benedictine monks who endowed the abbey with the pre-Romanesque double-nave church of “Notre-Dame-sous-Terre” (966), then had the nave of the abbey church whose transept crossing was established on the top of the rock. The island of the mountain being too small to house a stone quarry, the granite came from the quarries of the nearby Chausey Islands where it was cut from the rock by stone cutters, transported by sea (blocks hauled under small boats or barges, by means of hawsers and a winch operated at high tide) and assembled in blocks sealed by masons.

The human treadmill to lift the stone to the Abbey.

Through the centuries the Mont was owned by various dukes and kings, was besieged, fortified, burnt numerous times and subsequently rebuilt numerous times. In 1731 part of the abbey became a state prison and after incarcerating some 14,000 prisoners was finally abolished in 1863 by Napoleon III.

3 July 1877, the grandiose celebrations of the coronation of the statue of Saint Michael took place in the abbey church, in the middle of a period of sacral recharge. Celebrated by the Bishop of Coutances in the presence of a cardinal, eight bishops and a thousand priests, these festivities attracted 25,000 pilgrims.

Coronation of the statue of Saint Michel – reproduction.

Urgent work to consolidate and restore the abbey, classified as a historic monument in 1862, was carried out from 1872 by Édouard Corroyer, archivist of Historic Monuments, with the mission of restoring it to its original condition. The bell tower and the spire, which suffered storms and lightning having set the abbey on fire twelve times, were rebuilt by the architect Victor Petitgrand between 1892 and 1897, in styles characteristic of the 19th century – neo-Romanesque for the bell tower, neo-Gothic for the spire.

The Cloisters.

The Archangel Saint Michael (statue in laminated, embossed and gilded copper plates) which crowns the spire (finally completed in 1898) was made in 1895 by the sculptor Emmanuel Frémiet. Measuring 3.5 m, weighing 800 kilograms and having cost 6,000 francs (or 15,000 euros today), it was erected on August 6, 1897 in spare parts. Damaged by lightning strikes and corroded by sand-laden winds which caused its gilding to disappear, the statue underwent a removal, restoration and re-installation operation, via helicopter, in 1987 and 2016.

In 1922, worship was restored in the abbey church. From 1965 to 1966 the last major restorations were carried out by Yves-Marie Froidevaux.

View from the Cloisters.

Since the 19th century, romantic authors and painters came to the mountain, for its unique charm and its picturesque qualities, such as Guy de Maupassant.

It would be hard to warm this place in winter.

At the end of the century, several hotels were established on the mount. In the second half of the 20th century, the transformation of the site into a world-class place to visit made the small Normandy town one of the leading tourist destinations in France.

The commercial alleyways below the Abbey.

Since 2001, brothers and sisters from the Monastic Fraternities of Jerusalem, coming from the Saint-Gervais church in Paris, have provided a religious presence all year round. They replace the Benedictine monks, who had returned to the Mount since 1966. They are the tenants of the Center des monuments nationaux and do not intervene in the management of the abbey.

Every day, the community meets for services in the abbey church (or in the Notre-Dame des Trente Candles crypt in winter), thus returning the building to its original destination, to pray and sing.

Starting to cloud over as we head home.

In 2020, the commune had 27 inhabitants, called the Montois. In 2023, the village of Mont-Saint-Michel joined the list of villages labeled Heritage Village, which work to highlight their heritage.

A short drive back to Beauvoir.

Over time, the islet of Mont Saint-Michel has become an emblematic element of French heritage.

Back at the gite in the afternoon sunshine.

29 November, 2023

After a late sleep-in we wake to another relatively sunny day. It is cold outside but we plan a quiet rest day – except that Lynn has some ironing to do.

We have now managed to rebook properties where the French seem to think that it is OK to cancel bookings made 6 months ago at the last minute. We have caught up on the blog, done the washing and ironing so the only thing outstanding is to deal with 3 HSBC banking issues. The bank must be seriously employing untrained monkeys as, after three months they still have not returned my AUD Term Deposit funds, can’t seem to fix Lynn’s Global View so that she can transfer funds and now, there One Time Password by SMS has failed so we couldn’t make a payment last night for out accommodation in Cannes.

They respond quickly to my complaint emails apologising for the inconvenience but nothing actually gets fixed. Still the issues persist. I have now had to resort to reporting them to AFCA which they promptly apologised for but still nothing is done. It seems that HSBC is employing more mindless Chinese staff like we encountered just before we left Oz when we had to go to the branch manager (Australian guy) to get things rectified. That problem was caused by a poorly-trained Chinese girl who only partially entered our residential address despite reading it off our drivers’ licenses.

Tomorrow we are off to Quimper where we booked 4 nights in a Best Western Plus hotel 6 months ago in the old town only to be told a few days ago that they will be closed this weekend and have cancelled two of our four booked days. We manage to find a Mercure hotel a little further away for the other two days. Originally we were going to cancel all four days and stay at the Mercure but we decided that the original hotel is closer to the old town and it also gives us the ability to give them a proper serve when we do their review!

30 November, 2023

7:00 am and it’s still dark outside! After packing the car we leave at 9:40 am and drive away under an overcast sky and in 5 Deg. C. temperature.

Rather than take the toll road direct to Quimper, we stop firstly at Saint-Brieuc – named after the monk, Brioc. Unfortunately it is chucking down rain so we continue on. As we are driving out of the town we can see that it is quite picturesque with houses on cliff tops and cliff faces that descend into deep valleys. In fact, the town is crossed by two valleys where the Gouët and Gouédic rivers flow.

Crossing from Normandie into Bretagne.

Our second stop is Morlaix which is also a picturesque town with a fine marina and a massive viaduct, a railway structure which allows the crossing of the Morlaix river and the service to the city station by the line from Paris-Montparnasse to Brest.

Construction of the viaduct began on 20 July 1861. It measures 292 meters long and rises to 62 meters high. Its main span is 15.50 m. It includes two levels with nine arches on the lower level and fourteen arches on the upper level.

In January 1943 the Royal Air Force dropped 43 bombs on the town in order to cut the rail line by damaging the viaduct which it only managed to do fleetingly. A few hours later the Germans had repaired it, but the other 42 bombs killed 80 residents and injured many others.

The viaduct at Morlaix.

From here we take the D785 SW then the N165 to Quimper. The D785 bisects heath land where we drive through misty rain and see enticing glimpses a lake through scudding low clouds.

Lac de Brennilis.

A bit reminiscent of driving through the Scottish Highlands with the odd cottage here and there, a thin ribbon of a road with scant traffic on it and wild weather enveloping the heath.

On the road to Quimper/Kemper – bilingual road signs in French & Breton.

After enduring torrential rain, suddenly it is blue sky and sunshine as we arrive in the town of Pleyben. Its most striking feature is the Pleyben Parish Close housing the opulent Gothic and Renaissance-styled Eglise Saint-Germain, a triumphal arch and a monument called ‘the Calvary at Pleyben’.

And as we drive through town we pass a guy walking along the footpath with 2 baguettes under his arm, happily munching on a piece he broke off one of them.

Eglise Saint-Germain in Pleyben.

Around 1:30 pm we arrive at the hotel and promptly walk the 180m to the commencement of the old town while the weather holds.

Quimper is the capital of Finistere in Brittany. It was the ancient capital of Cornouaille, Brittany’s most traditional region, and has a distinctive Breton Celtic character. Its name is the Breton word kemper (having the same linguistic derivation to the Welsh ‘cymer’), meaning “confluence” – the confluence of the rivers Le Steir and L’Odet. It’s even twinned with Limerick, Ireland.

The lane from our hotel to the old town centre Quimper.

Quimper was originally settled during Roman times. By AD 495, the town had become a Bishopric. It subsequently became the capital of the counts of Cornouailles. In the eleventh century, it was united with the Duchy of Brittany. During the War of the Breton Succession (1341–1364), the town suffered considerable ruin. In 1364, the duchy passed to the House of Montfort.

The Cathedral of Saint-Corentin, with its Gothic-style façade, was constructed between the 13th and 16th centuries. It is the oldest Gothic structure in lower Brittany. Its two towers are 76 m (250 feet); its spires were added in the 19th century.

Cathedral of Saint-Corentin, Quimper old town.

The 15th-century stained glass windows are exceptional.

3 different styles of stained glass in the Cathedral.

Monseigneur René Nicolas Sergent pressed for an altar to match the grandeur of the cathedral and Mon. Boeswilwad, the architect-in-chief of “Monuments Historiques” was put in charge of the project. He commissioned the goldsmith Placide Poussielgue-Rusand to create the altar. Poussielgue-Rusand’s altar was exhibited at the 1867 Exposition Universelle and was gifted to the town of Quimper by Napoleon III. The altar is consequently known as the L’autel d’Or or the autel Napolėon and was consecrated in 1868.

L’autel d’Or.

The cathedral is dedicated to Quimper’s first bishop, Corentin.

Inside the Cathedral.

The pedestrianised streets of Vieux Quimper have a wide array of crêperies, half-timbered houses, and shops.

Quimper old town centre.

The town has a rustic atmosphere, with footbridges spanning the rivers that flow through it. The town’s eating establishments boast some of the best crêpes and cider in Brittany. The town has also been known for copper and bronze work, food items, galvanised ironware, hosiery, leather, paper and woollen goods.

On Pont Medard – Le Steir River running through town.

The town’s best known product is Quimper faience, tin-glazed pottery. It has been made here since 1690, using bold provincial designs of Jean-Baptiste Bousquet. Quimper even has a museum devoted to faience.

Banksy-style street art rat with a selfie stick.

It’s chilly so we decide that it must be wine o’clock so we call into a Tabac and order “deux vins chauds, s’il vous plait”.

Stopping at a Tabac for a vin chaud each.

As usual, restaurants here won’t open until 7:00 pm for dinner. On the way back to the hotel I espy a pizzeria which opens at 6:30 pm – that’s got my vote!

Unfortunately, when we turn up at the pizzeria they advise that they are only open at 6:30 pm for take-a-way orders and the restaurant is not open until 7:00 pm. We leave.

Since we have to wait another half an hour we decide to head back to the warmth of the hotel and then head out at 7:00 pm to Mario’s, a trattoria in the same street as the hotel. It is a good choice as the food is delicious, the house wine quaffable and the prices reasonable. So good that we order veal scaloppine and book a table for pizza tomorrow night – at 7:00 pm, naturally.

Half a litre of drinkable red wine for Eu 8.00.

1 December, 2023

The weather forecast is for a sunny day but as I throw open the curtain it is cold, dark and cloudy outside. The plan for today is to walk the town to see all the tourist hot spots in Quimper. It is only a small town so that shouldn’t take long.

Since it is very cloudy outside we have a slow breakfast and don’t emerge from the hotel until about 12:15 pm. There is a very cold wind blowing and it is about 7 Deg C outside. I describe it as like having an ice cream headache.

Our first stop is close by just on the other side of L’Odet River – the Max Jacob Theatre. In 1893, the lawyer Urbain Couchouren (1864-1893) bequeathed to the city of Quimper a plot of one hectare, located on the edge of the left bank of the Odet, on the condition that this land be used for the construction of an old people’s hospice. However, the town hall is committed to the project of building a theater on this land, while allocating funds to the construction of the hospice desired by Urbain Couchouren, but on land close to the civil hospice.

The Max Jacob Theatre building being renovated.

This non-compliance with the will causes a legal dispute leading to lawsuits. The Council of State was seized, and the President of the Republic Émile Loubet ended up signing a decree on 20 August 1899, which authorizes the Quimper municipality to carry out its project. These adventures are the plot of Max Jacob’s play, Le Terrain Bouchaballe, written twenty years after the events.

It was the proposal of the Nantes architect Georges Lafont which was chosen, the sculptures of the facade being entrusted to the Nantes sculptor Émile Gaucher and the interior decor to the Parisian Adrien Karbowsky. Work began in the spring of 1902 and the building was inaugurated in 1904. In 1913, Sarah Bernhardt performed here in l’Aiglon while in 1997, the theater was renamed the “Max-Jacob Theatre”.

Multiple pedestrian bridges over L’Odet River.

Walking back along the Odet River we are impressed by the number of footbridges, and a couple of road bridges, that cross it. Further down the river we come across a sign that indicates this river bank, where cars are parked, can become inundated during high tides.

Odet River, footbridges, cathedral & fortified wall remnant.

On both sides of the river there are traditional French apartment buildings and other impressive buildings, one of which is the Prefecture of Finistere building.

Prefecture du Finistere government building.

Continuing along the river’s edge we arrive at our destination, Le Quartier de Locmaria which comprises: the Museum of Faience (Quimper pottery); the Art Embroidery School and its exhibition space, and the Church of Locmaria – the Place of Mary.

The Locmaria district is emblematic of Quimper. Initially the place of the original port city in the 1st century AD and the place where the oldest abbey of Quimper was established, Locmaria is known today as the district of earthenware makers where Quimper earthenware – faience – is manufactured.

At the beginning of the 18th century, the prioress brought in, through a Benedictine convent, a Provençal earthenware maker named Pierre Bousquet who became the founder of the first factory, which later became La Hubaudière-Bousquet (HB). The development of earthenware gave Locmaria the character of an industrial suburb of Quimper for the following two centuries.

Church of Locmaria.

Architecturally, the Notre-Dame church is a very fine example of the beginnings of Breton Romanesque style. Built from the 11th and 12th centuries, it was modified in the 16th century by the addition of a Gothic portal with ribbed vaults, the apse was rebuilt in the 17th century, then restored in its Romanesque layout in the 19th century. It is one of the best preserved Romanesque buildings in Brittany.

Side chapel.

The church is flanked by a 17th century cloister along the south aisle which connects it to the adjoining priory to the west. Excavations revealed the classic plan of a Romanesque abbey organized around its cloister.

In 1150, there were 8 nuns in the choir, which is a significant number for a simple priory. During the Middle Ages, Locmaria is one of the four female abbeys in Brittany. In 1633 the priory was rigorously reformed. During the Revolution, the monastery closed and the 22 nuns who occupied it left. After being disused, the church was reassigned to parish worship in 1857.

The river adjacent to the quarter here ceases to have a dock alongside, rather showing mudflats at low tide. Obviously this is as far as boats can go upstream thanks to the number of low-level pedestrian crossings.

End of the shipping part of the River.

Our next stop is back along the river and into the old town, at La Place Terre-au-Duc – the Duke’s Land. During the Middle Ages, this square was the center of the secular city of the city of Quimper. The dukes exercised their power here – the court, the prison, the mill and the market of the Duke of Cornwall. Many typical houses were found here, called “timbered houses” or even “half-timbered” which have given them their reputation today. Apparently, in 1745, Terre au Duc was the largest and most beautiful district of the city.

La Place Terre-au-Duc.

Next is Les Halles, the market hall. Opened in 1847, on the site of the former Saint-François convent, it is the only covered market located in the heart of Quimper.

Les Halles – the market hall.

Today it has a modern look but unfortunately a lot of stalls were closed.

One of a handful of stalls open today in the market hall.

Walking to our next location, we walk past a shop that has a yellow-tiled frieze saying in black writing: ‘Faiences de Quimper’. It may have been a pottery shop in the past but today it is a beauty salon. The building still retains its shingle showing a woman in traditional Breton dress (with a tall lace hat) sitting while painting pottery.

Faiences de Quimper.

Around the corner is the Cathedral and its Episcopal Palace which is now the Breton Departmental Museum.

Entrance to the Breton Departmental Museum.

In the corner of the Cathedral square is an interesting half-timbered house which has lots of plates decorating its exterior – advertising that it is a souvenir shop. Inside it has a huge variety of quality Bretagne souvenirs…

Souvenir shop.

…including an extensive range of painted, pottery plates. Lynn buys some Christmas postcards as we have 2 old-school friends who don’t have Internet so we need to post Christmas cards to them instead.

Painted plates.

The post office is around the corner and along the way we pass by remnants of the 14th century fortified wall. Cards duly posted we walk north to another section of the fortified wall which has an intact tower called La Tour Nevet.

A small section of the old fortress wall.

The Nevet Tower is the only defense tower that remains today. Nearby is La Place au Beurre.

More wall and turret at the northern end of the old town.

Formerly called Place aux Ruches, then Place au Beurre-de-Pot, this is where winter butter was once sold – very salty so it kept for a long time in stoneware pots. This square could now be renamed Place aux Creperies, as their terraces occupy most of the place.

La Place au Beurre.

On our way back to the hotel Lynn calls into an artisanal patisserie that we had walked past earlier and purchases a canale – a small French pastry (a specialty of Bordeaux) flavoured with rum and vanilla with a soft custard centre and a dark, thick caramelized crust – to have with her afternoon cuppa.

Canale.

2 December, 2023

Today we need to drive a whole 450m SE from our existing hotel to the Mercure Quimper Centre. It’s forecast to be raining the next 2 days with a top of 8 Deg. C on Saturday and 12 on Sunday.

Apparently the Breton Departmental Museum has free entry on weekend afternoons during winter so we’ll probably mosey along there to check it out.

And, yes it does! The Museum presents the archaeology, popular and decorative arts of Finistère.

Torque from Irvillac.

Ancient arts include gold jewelry from the Bronze and Iron Ages, silver dishes from a Roman temple and gold coins from the Gauls, France and England.

The above torque has been dated to Middle or Late Bronze Age (1300-900 BC). It’s 80% gold, silver and copper. It’s a torsade gold belt (a decorative twisted braid, ribbon, or other strand used as trimming) with connections to similar jewellery made in Ireland at the beginning of the Late Bronze Age and discovered in NW France.

Part of 203 mainly royal gold coins contained in 2 pottery ‘moneyboxes’ (1360-1394).

2 floors are dedicated to Breton traditions and arts such as costume, furniture and Quimper earthenware.

Popular faience 19-20th centuries.

Costumes are covered extensively for men, women and children showing differences between each area of Brittany, according to occupation (fisherfolk versus farmers) and activity (every day to celebrations such as weddings, religious festivals and Sunday best). Sunday best included velvet, colourful embroidery, satin and lace, ribbon work and buttons.

Women in their Breton hats.

Interestingly, after WWI Breton men stopped wearing their traditional waistcoats, jackets, trousers and hats with ribbons but women continued. In particular, Brittany stove-pipe white lace hats grew 39 cm in height between 1915-1935!

Variety of men’s hats, most with ribbons.

And, of course, footwear based originally on sabots, or clogs.

Modern clogs.

By late afternoon it is bucketing down outside. We have a booking at one of the few restaurants nearby which is only about 6 minutes’ walk away but by the time we sit down for dinner we are drenched. The restaurant is called ‘Asia’ and is a type of Asian Fusion. The owners are Vietnamese and Chinese but only speak French. Still, the food is good and worth getting wet in both directions.

The Mercure is a bit further away from the town centre (by about 300m) but also further away from restaurants. It is hard enough finding restaurants open this time of year in France let alone away from the town centres. We are having trouble getting our room warm. The heating is up full blast but the best we can do is to get the room to about 15 Deg C!

3 December, 2023

The forecast is for heavy rain all day today so we rug up to keep warm in our cold hotel room and I spend the day developing our annual Christmas e-card. The FX rate between the Euro and the AUD spikes a little in our favour this morning so I purchase enough currency to get us through to July next year. At this stage the planned trip to Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia in July and August is not certain depending on the idiot Putin and his dictatorial mates.

Since today is Sunday we have even less dining options tonight but head out again in even heavier rain. We find a Chinese restaurant and it seems that we are the only customers tonight. The food is very ordinary but it is either here or a kebab take-away. We look like drowned rats by the time we are back in our chilly room at the hotel.

Tomorrow morning we are off further south to Rochefort which is about 400km further south and hopefully a bit drier and warmer.